指向创造性思维:PISA 2021的启示与借鉴

创造性思维是人类发展所需的必要能力,可以帮助人们适应不断变化的世界和应对充满挑战的未来。经济合作与发展组织确定在PISA 2021中增加对创造性思维能力的评估,其发布的《PISA 2021创造性思维评估框架草案(第三版)》明确阐述了创造性思维的内涵、表现形式和促成因素,以系统的通用框架、科学简易的"三维度四领域"能力模型向公众提供了一个操作性强的评估系统。通过此次评估,各参与国家和地区可获得学生创造性思维能力的可比数据,为未来教育政策的制定和教育实践的改进提供支持。基于PISA的经验,为了更好地评估和培养学生的创造性思维,我国可借鉴创造性思维能力模型,细化学科核心素养的考查;构建创造性课堂,加强学校创新氛围的建设;在课堂教学中以真实情境和实际问题为载体,培育和评价学生的创造性思维。

Pointing to Creative Thinking:the Enlightenment and Reference of PISA 2021

Creative thinking is an essential skill for human development,which can help people adapt to the changing world and cope with the challenging future.The International Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)has launched an assessment of creative thinking skills in the PISA 2021.The PISA 2021 Creative Thinking Framework(Third Draft),released by the OECD in April 2019,clearly describes the meaning,expressions and contributing factors of creative thinking and provides a strong operational evaluation system to the public with the general framework of the system and the scientific and simple capability model of"three dimensions and four fields".Through this assessment,participating countries and regions will be able to obtain comparable data on students’creative thinking ability,which will provide support for future education policy formulation and improvement of educational practice.Based on the experience of PISA,in order to better evaluate and cultivate students’creative thinking ability,the creative thinking ability model for reference can be used and the examination of the subject key competence can be refined;the creative classroom should be constructed and school innovation atmosphere should be strengthened;students’creative thinking should be cultivated and evaluated on the basis of real situation and practical problems in classroom teaching.