江苏省摔跤队膳食营养状况的调查与评价

研究目的:膳食营养是保证运动员营养素的需要和维持体能的最重要的物质基础,对训练起重要的保证作用,与膳食营养在竞技体育中重要位置不相适应的是运动员膳食的不平衡现象普遍存在,它长期影响训练的效果和训练后的恢复。本研究通过调查备战十运会的江苏省摔跤队的膳食状况,对其做出评估,为平衡膳食提供依据。研究方法:采用食物称重法,称量并记录每个运动员所吃主副食的熟重、剩余重量,计算出所吃食物生重。记录运动员饮水量及营养品服用量,用软件计算出各种营养素摄入量及食物构成。将计算结果与运动员每日膳食营养供给标准,食物摄入供给标准进行比较做出合理评价。研究结果:江苏省摔跤运动员三大营养素的摄入比例多不合理,碳水化合物78%不足,56%的运动员脂肪和蛋白质超过推荐标准。中餐、晚餐的能量摄入比例超标比例较高,早餐不足。运动员各种矿物质摄入都超过推荐值,运动员的维生素摄入相对不足,VA、VC、VB1、VPP不同程度地缺乏。运动员每日的摄入量变化很大,最大幅度可达到83%。运动员进食的多少与运动量、运动强度、饭菜的内容以及个人的喜好有很大的关系。

Prandial Investigation and Evaluation on Wrestlers of Jiangsu Province

Objective: Nutrition and diet are the most important material foundation for athletes to intake nutrients and maintain their physical fitness,which play an important role in training guarantee.Although nutrition and diet are important in sports,in fact,athletes' nutritional state are imbalance which would long-term impact the training effects and the rehabilitation.To study the meal situation of Jiangsu Province wrestling team which were preparing for the 10th National Games of the People's Republic of China,we made a evaluation by research survey and provide a research basis for balanced-diet.Method: First,we used food weighing method to weigh and record the cooked heavy and the remaining weight of each athlete's staple and non-staple food,,and calculated the weight of the raw food,and recorded the volume of water and nutrients consumption.Then,we used software to calculate the intake of nutrients and food composition.Finally,the calculated results were compared with the athletes daily meal nutrition supplement standards and the food intake supplement standards,and we made a reasonable evaluation.Results: The intake proportion of three nutrients of Jiangsu Province wrestling athletes were unreasonable in most cases: 78% of athletes were carbohydrate deficiency,however,56% of athletes exceeded recommended standards in fat and protein intake.There were a quite high proportion of energy intake exceeding-standard percentage of lunch and dinner,while inadequate in breakfast.Athletes were more than recommended intake of minerals,However,their vitamin intake were relatively lack,such as Va,Vc,Vbi and Vpp.There were significant changes in the daily intake of athletes,the biggest change rate even reached 83%.We found that the athletes' food consumption had great relations with energy expenditure,sports intensity,and the content of individual food preferences