贸易对我国不同地区环境污染效应的量化分析

中国区域经济发展的不平衡导致对外贸易的环境效应存在较大的差异。本文以SO₂、CO₂排放量作为环境污染指标,采用1990～2008年的相关面板数据,对我国东部、中部与西部对外贸易的环境效应进行了研究,分析了贸易通过不同途径对污染产生的直接与间接影响,并计算出各地区贸易对污染的长期与短期弹性系数。结果表明:(1)对外贸易的环境污染效应与我国的地区差别及污染物的种类有关,国际贸易较有利于东部地区环境的改善,但对中西部地区的生态环境却产生了更多不利的影响。(2)贸易对污染的长期弹性要比短期弹性的绝对值更大,说明贸易对环境污染的长期效应大于短期效应。

The quantitative analysis on the environment effect of foreign trade in different Chinese regions

The imbalance of China regional economic development leads to the different of environment effect of foreign trade. Emissions of both SO₂ and CO₂ are adopted as pollution index, by using the panel data during the period of 1990-2008, the environmental effects of foreign trade in China central, eastern, and western regions are investigated, and the direct and indirect effects of trade on pollution are analyzed, at the end, the short term and long term elastic coefficients of the regional trade on the pollution are calculated. The results show that (1) the environment effect of foreign trade is relevant to the difference region in China and the type of pollutants, the international trade is beneficial to the improvement of eastern region environment, but it generates a more adverse effect to the central and western regions; (2) the elastics of trade on pollution in long term is bigger than that in the short term, it means that pollution effects for the long term is bigger than that for the short term.