下丘脑介导能量代谢与骨骼反调节及其运动干预机制研究进展

下丘脑位于大脑底部,靠近内侧隆起,可传感神经元及整合神经胶质细胞,并将信号传导转化为生理功能,激活内分泌和神经系统,继而调节能量代谢和骨骼稳态。在下丘脑的AgRP/NPY神经元和POMC/CART神经元饮食调节体系中,下丘脑可刺激骨骼发生发展,最终将机体调至新的生理功能状态。此外,骨骼内分泌源激素骨钙素(osteocalcin,OCN)和脂质蛋白2(lipocalin-2,LCN2)能够反调节于下丘脑,改善下丘脑介导能量代谢水平。基于此,研究将从下丘脑-骨骼信号传导和骨骼-下丘脑信号传导两方面进行论述,并以能量代谢为穿梭靶点,以运动干预为手段,论述下丘脑调节能量代谢和骨骼反调节相关功能,阐述运动调节能量代谢和骨代谢之间的影响。

Advances in Hypothalamus-Mediated Energy Metabolism and Bone Counter-Regulation and Its Mechanism of Exercise Intervention

The hypothalamus is located at the base of the brain,closing to the medial bulge.The hypothalamus can sense neurons and integrate glial cells,and transform signaling into physiological stimulation,and activate endocrine and nervous systems,and finally regulate energy metabolism and bone homeostasis.Under the dietary regulation system of AgRP/NPY neurons and POMC/CART neurons,the hypothalamus can stimulate the development of bone and finally adjust the body to a new physiological function state.In addition,osteocalcin(OCN)and lipocalin-2(LCN2)in the endocrine hormones of bone can reversely regulate the hypothalamus and improve the level of energy metabolism.Based on this,the study focus on the hypothalamus-bone signaling and the bone-hypothalamus signaling,using energy metabolism as a shuttle and exercising intervention as a means to discuss the regulation of energy metabolism in the hypothalamus and bone counter-regulation,so as to attempt to illustrate the effects of exercise regulation between energy metabolism and bone metabolism.