日本发展普惠性托育服务的多维行动路径

为应对日益加剧的人口老龄化趋势,日本自2015年开始实施保育支援新制度,加快普惠性托育服务发展。以保障托育服务"可获得""可负担"和"有质量"为目标牵引,日本政府通过对"二战"后形成的保育支援制度进行全面改革,实施托育服务无偿化政策以及构建严格的托育服务质量监管体系,努力实现普惠性托育服务覆盖全部育儿家庭。纵观5年来日本普惠性托育服务发展成果,在有效降低育儿家庭经济负担的基础上,其托育服务的有效供给和育儿家庭托育服务利用率均得到显著提高。

The Multi-dimensional Action Path for the Development of Generally Beneficial Childcare Services in Japan

In response to the ever-increasing aging population trend,Japan has implemented a new system for childcare support since 2015 to accelerate the development of generally beneficial childcare services.With the goal of ensuring the "availability","affordability" and "quality" of childcare services,the Japanese government has made efforts to promote the services to cover all childcare families by comprehensively reforming the childcare support system formed after World War II,implementing the policy of free childcare services,and building a strict service quality supervision system.Throughout the five-year development,on the basis of effectively reducing the financial burden of childcare families,the effective provision and the utilization rate of childcare services have been significantly improved.In the early stage of promoting such childcare services in China,it is of great significance to learn from Japan.