哈尔滨体育学院健美操专项大学生体质和身体成分变化过程研究

采用文献资料法、测试法和数理统计法，对哈尔滨体育学院健美操专项大学生的体质和身体成分进行监测与评价，旨在了解健美操专项大学生体质和身体成分的变化趋势，为促进学生体质健康发展提供参考。结果显示，健美操专项大学生在四年间，身体形态中身高、体重和体重指数（BMI）变化不大，身体机能中的肺活量和台阶试验指数显著增加（P〈0．05），身体素质中的立定跳远以及男生的握力和女生的柔韧性显著提高（P〈0．05）；身体成分中只有男生的体脂重量、体脂百分比、内脏脂肪面积和腰臀比指标都显著下降（P〈0．05），其余指标变化不显著。说明健美操运动训练可改善大学生的身体成分，减少脂肪含量，增加肌肉重量，从而增强呼吸和心血管系统机能，提高肌肉力量素质和柔韧素质。

Study on the Trend of Body Constitution and Body Composition of Aerobics Students Physique in Harbin Institute of P. E.

With the methods of document,test and mathematical statistic,the author monitored and evaluated body constitution and body composition of Aerobics students physique in Harbin Institute of Physical Education, in order to understand the trend of body constitution and body composition, and to provide reference for promoting the healthy development of students＇physique. The following findings：the height, weight and BMI of aerobics students had little changes in four years, but lung＇s capacity and step test index increased significantly （P 〈 0.05 ） , standing long jump and boy＇s grip and girl＇s flexibility were improved significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; In body composition, the male body fat weight, percentage of body fat, visceral fat area and waist to hip ratio were significantly decreased （ P 〈 0.05 ） , the other indexes didt change significantly. The result shows that aerobics exercise training can improve the body composition of university students, reduce the fat content,increase muscle mass, thereby enhance the respiratory and cardiovascular system, and improve the quality of muscle strength and flexibility.