学科、课程、学位:美国关于高等教育专业研究生培养的争论及其启示

美国在高等教育研究生培养与研究方面有关学科性、课程设计与学位的争论表明 :(1 )高等教育研究作为一个学科尚不成熟。应用其他相对成熟学科的理论与方法 ,是提高高等教育研究水平与研究生培养学术质量的较好方式。(2 )高等教育研究生培养的一个主要任务是培养高等教育管理方面的实践人员 ,目前还缺少成熟的培养体系。美国大学正在采取各种试验性培养方式 ,使研究生培养更好地联系实际。 (3 )美国大学为高等教育研究生颁发学术性的Ph D和职业性的 Ed D两种学位 ,这种双轨制既有利于学术发展 ,也有利于培养实践者。

Discipline, program, and degree: reflections on the debates over graduate training and researches in higher education studies in USA

This article is a literature review of debates on three subjects of disciplinary status, program, and doctoral degree in the USA graduate training and researches in field of higher education studies. (1) the higher education study as a discipline is immature. An alternative approach is to deal with higher education studies as a field of inquiry with approaches from other relatively matured disciplines. (2) a major task of graduate training in the field is to prepare administrative practitioners, and it seemly however lacks matured training systems. Some USA institutes have launched experimental programs to bridge the gap. (3) USA institutes offer two kinds of doctoral degrees, PhD and EdD. PhD is ideally for academic studies and EdD for practical studies. This article retrieved the early history of EdD, and argued that this dual degree system is a necessary approach to meet the needs from academics and practice.