辛亥革命与近代中国民族国家观念的确立

自19世纪末20世纪初开始,在西方殖民主义的冲击下,传统中国基于儒家文化之上的王朝国家观念被完全突破。以梁启超、孙中山为代表的先进知识分子,在近代中国国家转型的大背景下,试图重新建立对于现代中国的理解,近代意义上的民族国家观念开始形成。辛亥革命的意义则在于,它不仅在形式上推翻了封建君主专制政权,建立了亚洲第一个民主共和国。更在于它从社会制度和观念文化层面,实现了中国人国家观念由传统向现代的初步转型,并由此开启了近代以来中国民族国家建设的历史进程。从辛亥革命开始,民族国家的建构始终是中国社会政治发展的主题。

The Revolution of 1911 and the Establishment of the Concept of Modern Chinese Nation-state

Since the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of twentieth century,impacted by western colonialism,the traditional state concept of Chinese Dynasty has been broken completely.Liang Qichao and Sun Yat-sen,as the representatives of the advanced intellectuals,under the background of national transition in modern China,tried to re-establish the understanding of modern China,from which the concept of nation-state began to form.The significance of Revolution of 1911 lies in that it not only overthrew the feudal autocratic monarchy regime in the form and established the first democratic republic in Asia,but also achieved the preliminary transformation from the traditional concept of Chinese nation-state to the modern one,and thus opened the historical process of establishing modern Chinese nation-state.Since Revolution of 1911,the establishment of nation-state has always been the theme of political development in Chinese society.