基于动态DEA-SBM模型的社会保障对竞技体育投入效率影响的实证研究

为探究社会保障投入对竞技体育事业效率贡献情况，运用数据包络分析法，基于动态DEA-SBM模型，研究了2013—2016年30个省市社会保障投入对竞技体育产出效率的影响及地区之间的差异。结果表明：考虑社会保障的竞技体育效率值明显高于不考虑社会保障的竞技体育效率值，表明社会保障投入对竞技体育效率评价影响较大。在社会保障投入下全国各省市竞技体育投入综合效率平均提升了17.6%，其中社会保障的投入对东部地区运动员产出效率提升最明显，西部次之、中部地区也有提升，东北地区无明显变化。就投入冗余而言，社会保障投入下全国竞技体育经费财政投入冗余值平均下降了16.9%，中部地区最为明显，西部次之，东部居后；全国竞技体育人力资源投入冗余值平均下降了40.4%，西部地区最为明显，东部次之，中部居后。建议完善竞技体育资源配置机制，提高行政管理效率；重视竞技体育社会保障，将社会保障纳入竞技体育事业评价体系；加大运动员社会保障力度，促进社会保障的均衡配置；促进东中西部合作，实现竞技体育均衡发展，以实现中国体育事业的健康持续发展。

An Empirical Study on Influence of Social Security on Efficiency of Competitive Sports Input Based on Dynamic DEA-SBM model

In order to explore the contribution of social security input to the efficiency of competitive sports, this paper adopted DEA-SBM model to study the impact of social security input on the efficiency and differences of competitive sports output in 30 provinces and cities from 2013 to 2016 between regions. The results showed that under the social security investment, the comprehensive efficiency of elite sports investment in all provinces and cities across the country increased by 17.6% on average, of which the input of social security had the most obvious effect on the output efficiency of athletes in the eastern region (20.3%), followed by the western region (16.5%), and the central region (13.8%). There was no obvious change in the northeast region. As far as the input redundancy was concerned, the financial input redundancy value of national competitive sports training competition under the input of social security dropped by 16.9% on average, the central region was the most obvious, followed by the western region, and by the eastern region. The input redundancy value of national competitive sports human resources decreased by 40.4% on average. The western region was the most obvious, followed by the eastern region, and then by the central region. It suggested that the allocation mechanism, the efficiency of administrative management should be improved. The social security should be integrated into the evaluation system of competitive sports. The balanced allocation of social security and the cooperation between the east and the west should be promoted so as to realize the healthy and sustainable development of sports in China.