言语产生的词汇通达理论与事件相关电位研究

言语产生过程可分为概念化、言语组织、发音3个层次。这个过程的核心是词汇通达,它包含词条选择(语义提取)和音位编码(语音提取)两个阶段。对于这两个加工阶段的关系主要有两种观点:一种是独立两阶段模型,一种是交互激活理论。言语产生研究中所采用的经典实验范式是图片命名,使用事件相关电位(简称ERP)技术考察言语产生过程中各阶段的关系,主要使用双重选择任务,以单侧化准备电位(简称LRP)和N200为指标。但这种任务的明显缺点是它与正常的言语产生时高度自由化的方式不同,它需要被试有意识地提取语义和语音信息。独立两阶段模型和交互激活理论都各自得到一些实验结果的支持。

A Review on Lexical Access Theory of Language Production and ERP Researches

Language production could be divided into three stages: conceptualization,formulation and articulation.Lexical access was the core process,which consists of lexical selection(semantic retrieval) and phonetic encoding(phonological retrieval).There were two views on the relationship between these two processes: one was discrete stage model and the other was two-step interactive activation model.Picture naming was a classical paradigm used in many studies on language production and most ERP studies used LRP and N200 as indexes in two-choice reaction(GO/NOGO) paradigm.However,the conspicuous defect of these two tasks is that,different from the free language production at normal state,the tested must consciously retrieve the semantic and phonological information.There were many researches sustained each model respectively.