我国儿童少年艺术体操适切性身体动作内容研究

摘要：为推动我国大众艺术体操更加科学、健康地发展，通过文献资料法、专家访谈法、德尔菲法等研究方法, 探讨儿童少年不同年龄阶段艺术体操身体动作练习内容，构建出我国儿童少年艺术体操适切性身体动作内容体系。结论：我国儿童少年艺术体操适切性身体动作内容体系构建应遵循趣味性原则、循序渐进原则、针对性原则和全面发展原则；我国艺术体操初训年龄5岁较为适宜；采用德尔菲法筛选出我国儿童少年适切性身体动作指标：包含2个一级指标，4个二级指标，24个三级指标；儿童少年适切性身体动作内容在不同年龄阶段表现为：非难度动作（基本动作）中全身波浪和大舞姿动作适合在7岁以后开始练习，其它各类型身体动作均可作为不同年龄阶段的主要练习内容。随着年龄增长，难度动作级别逐步递增，但在数量和内容方面呈现出阶段性和连续性的特征。

Study on the Appropriate Body Movements of Rhythmic Gymnastics for Chinese Children and Adolescents

Abstract: In order to promote the development of Chinese mass rhythmic gymnastics in a scientific and healthy way, this paper explored the practice content of body movements in children and adolescents with different age stages, and established the system of appropriate body movements of Chinese children and adolescents, by the methods of literature review, expert interview and Delphi method etc. Conclusions: When constructing the appropriate body elements system, we should follow the interest principle, step-by-step principle, pertinence principle, and all-round principle. The best age to start training rhythmic gymnastics is five years old. The indexes of appropriate body movements of Chinese children and adolescents screened by Delphi method include 2 first class indicators, 4 secondary indicators, 24 third class indicators. The appropriate body movements in different age stages show that some non-difficult movements (basic body elements) such as whole body wave and arabesque should be started to training after 7 years old, other body movements can be the main practical content in different age stages. The difficulty grade of body movements increases with age, but the quantity and content show the features of periodicity and continuity.