三种方法提取八角茴香精油及其抗菌活性研究

八角茴香精油及其单体成分具有多种生物活性,广泛应用于食品防腐领域.本文采用三种方法提取八角茴香精油,比较得出最优提取方法,并以大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌等作为供试菌种,对精油的抗菌效果、精油抗菌的稳定性进行了研究.结果表明,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取八角茴香精油的最佳条件为:原料粉碎程度40目,料液比为1∶10,蒸馏2h,得率为9.194%;采用超临界CO2萃取法提取八角茴香精油的最佳条件为:压力为2000PSI、温度为30℃、萃取2.5h,得率为4.5%.乙醇回流法提取八角茴香精油最佳工艺条件为:料液比为1:10(g/mL),回流次数为3,回流时间为3h,得率最高可达34.52%;乙醇浸提法提取八角茴香精油最佳条件为:料液比1∶20(g/mL),浸提时间3h,粉碎程度60目,最高得率为20.38%.精油对大肠杆菌的抑制效果最好,其次是酵母.

Study on Extracting Essential Oils from Star Anise by Three Methods and Their Antimicrobial Activity

Star anise essential oils and their monomers perform various kinds of biological activities,therefore,there have been many applications in food preservation.This essay adopted three methods to extract essential oils,and the optimal method was comparably attained finally.Antibacterial activities of essential oils and stability of which were researched using Escherichia coli,staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis,etc.It was illustrated form results that the best condition of water distillation method :grinding degree of materials was 40 mesh,content:liquid was 1:10(g/mL),distillation time was 2 h,yield was 9.194%.Supercritical CO2 extraction method: pressure was 2000PSI、temperature was 30 ℃、extraction time was 2.5h,yield was 4.5%.Ethanol reflux method: content:liquid was 1:10(g/mL),reflux 3 times,reflux time was 3 h,yield was up to 34.52%.Ethanol soaking and extracting method: content:liquid was 1:20(g/mL),soaking and extracting time was 3 h,grinding degree of materials was 60 mesh,yield was up to 20.38%.Moreover,star anise essential oils have the best restraining effect on Escherichia coli,secondly yeast.