任务复杂程度对反馈频率适宜值的影响研究

采用单维简单和两维复杂电脑追踪任务,探讨任务复杂程度对反馈频率适宜值的影响.96名右利手的在校大学生随机分为简单任务和复杂任务组(每组男、女各24名).两组受试者分别在25%相对频率(提供反馈的练习次数占总练习次数的25%,简称反馈频率,下同)、50%反馈频率、75%反馈频率、100%反馈频率条件下,连续两天练习简单或复杂任务,每天练习36次.第2天练习结束后休息10min,2组受试者进行无反馈保持测试.一天后,再进行无反馈的保持测试.结果显示:(1)练习阶段,两组受试者的操作绩效随反馈频率增加呈提高趋势;(2)50%反馈频率利于简单任务的技能学习,75%反馈频率利于复杂任务的技能学习;(3)任务复杂程度与反馈频率适宜值存在交互作用,与简单任务相比,操作复杂任务时,应增加反馈的频率.以上结果提示:当信息加工负荷较小(如操作任务较简单)时,减少反馈频率利于技能学习;而当信息加工负荷较大(操作任务较复杂)时,频繁反馈利于技能学习.

The Effects of Task Complexity on the Appropriate Feedback Frequency

Adopted the single- dimension and two- dimension complicated computer pursuit tasks, this study conducted the task complexity and explored the effects of the task complexity on the frequency of concurrent feedback, 96 college students who prefer to use right hand were divided into two groups by random: simple task group and complex task group (each group was gender- balanced designed). During two days of acquisition, two groups performed the tracking task with concurrent feedback provided on the following conditions: a)25% feedback, b)50% feedback, c)75% feedback, and d)100% feedback. Retention test of tracking accuracy in absence of feedback were administered 10 min and 24 hours following acquisition. And the results showed that: 1) the effect of frequency of feedback on motor learning is dependent on the task complexity; 2)there is interaction between the task complexity and appropriate frequency of concurrent feedback. When the subjects operate the complex task, frequent feedback could enhance motor skill learning.