自闭症谱系障碍儿童共情过程中能力缺陷量化研究

共情缺陷是导致自闭症儿童社交障碍的重要因素。研究选取了28名3-7岁的自闭症和正常发展儿童,通过生理信号、面部表情和认知绩效等多模态数据的分析,探讨自闭症儿童共情过程中各阶段的特点,分析自闭症儿童共情缺陷的具体表现。研究发现,自闭症儿童的共情能力缺陷主要体现在较差的认知共情能力和较差的面部表情模仿能力;自闭症儿童的共情过程存在正常的自下而上的情绪分享过程和异常的自上而下的认知调节过程。因此,自闭症儿童共情能力的干预重点应聚焦认知调节过程中认知共情能力的提升和表情模仿能力的训练。

A Quantitative Study of Empathy Defect in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders(ASD) have the empathy defect,an important factor leading to the defect in social communication.In this study,14 children with ASD and 14 normal children aged 3-7 were recruited.Through multimodal data analysis including physiological signal,facial expression and cognitive ability measurement score,the manifestations and characteristics of every stage of autistic children’s empathy were discussed.The results suggested that emotional empathy and cognitive empathy ability of children with autism were less than that of normal children,especially the ability of cognitive empathy and the facial expression imitation ability of emotional empathy.In addition,empathy in ASD was a bottom-up normal emotional sharing process and a top-down abnormal cognitive modulation process.The intervention of autistic children’s empathy should focus on the improvement of cognitive empathy ability and the training of expression imitation ability.