本土企业逆向创新中的专利演化：基于Lotka–Volterra竞争模型

当前逆向创新越来越多地发生在发展中国家的本土企业中，体现为本土企业在海外申请的专利日益增加，其专利的发展演化过程也体现了企业的逆向创新和技术追赶过程。为了深入探讨该过程中的专利演化影响因素及演化结果，本文通过构建一个本土企业逆向创新不同阶段竞争的Lotka–Volterra生态模型，并通过数值仿真，模拟和分析本土企业在逆向创新国内和国外两个不同市场条件下的专利演化情况。研究表明：在逆向创新中，本土企业的专利演化主要由其资源竞争能力来决定；但在国外市场阶段，当企业之间的竞争能力差距不大时，处于劣势的企业有机会在专利的竞争获得一定的发展空间。为此，本文从企业资源竞争能力提升角度提出了相应的对策建议。本文研究可以为促进本土企业的逆向创新和专利发展提供一定的理论和对策依据。

Patent evolution in reverse innovation of local enterprises: Based on Lotka-Volterra competition model

At present, reverse innovation is more and more happening in the local enterprises of developing countries, which is reflected in the increasing number of patents applied by local enterprises overseas, and the evolution process of patents also reflects the reverse innovation and technology catch-up process of enterprises. In order to explore the influencing factors and results of patent evolution in this process, this paper constructs a Lotka Volterra ecological model of reverse innovation competition in different stages of local enterprises, and simulates and analyzes the patent evolution of local enterprises under two different market conditions, domestic and foreign, through numerical simulation. Research shows that: in reverse innovation, the patent evolution of local enterprises is mainly determined by their resource competitiveness; but in the foreign market stage, when the gap between the competitiveness of enterprises is not large, the disadvantaged enterprises have the opportunity to obtain certain development space in the patent competition. Therefore, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from the perspective of improving the competitiveness of enterprise resources. This study can provide some theoretical and countermeasure basis for promoting the reverse innovation and patent development of local enterprises.