澜沧江中下游古茶树资源、价值及农业文化遗产特征

澜沧江中下游具有悠久的种茶历史,古茶树资源丰富,分布着世界上面积最大、树龄最长的千年古茶园,保存大量古茶树和野生茶树。古茶树资源不仅具有生态价值,有利于保护生物多样性,提供茶叶的种质资源,还具有经济价值,能够促进当地的经济可持续发展,同时还具有承继茶叶起源与茶文化发展的文化价值。但近50年来的人口增长、不合理采摘、过度开发,古茶树资源面积不断减小,亟需采取一系列措施实行科学保护与合理利用。本文通过实地考察和现有研究资料分析澜沧江中下游古茶树资源的现状,认为其具有生态、经济和文化价值等多重价值。在价值分析的基础上进一步认为古茶树资源具有农业文化遗产特征,包括活态性、动态性、适应性、复合性、战略性、多功能性、可持续性,符合全球重要农业文化遗产的申报标准,并可以作为农业文化遗产进行动态保护。

Resources, Value and Agricultural Heritage Characteristics of the Ancient Tea Plant in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Lancang River

Yunnan province has the biggest ancient tea tree garden in the world, which is widely distributed in Puer, Lincang, Xishuangbanna, and Baoshan in the middle and lower reaches of the Lancang River. These places have a long history of tea plantation and are rich in ancient tea plant resources. There are the largest ancient tea garden in the world of the longest history and a lot of ancient wild tea trees, including wild type, cultural type, and transitive type tea plant. The ancient tea plant has not only eco...