成都的清城与满城

唐代以后的成都城墙，几乎都是在唐代罗城的格局与基础之上修建的。对于已被毁坏的成都城墙，五代后蜀、宋代和明代均进行过各自的修筑。清朝建立以后，经过顺治、康熙、雍正和乾隆四朝的恢复重修，使得成都的城墙、大街、大桥与城内各主要建筑的格局基本上一直保持到现代。在成都大城之内的西部，清代还专门修建了满城，用来作为满蒙八旗官兵及其家属的驻地。满城在清代是相对封闭的，未经准许的汉人不能随便进入。清朝灭亡之后，除抗日战争期间一度得到过维修外，包括满城在内的成都城墙大多被逐渐拆除了，不过时至今E1，仍然能看到一些残迹。成都城墙的兴废过程，就是这座城市历史变迁的一个缩影。

Qing Cheng and Man Cheng in Chengdu

The city walls of Chengdu were built mostly on the structures and foundation of Tang Dynasty. In Later Shu of Five Dy- nasties, Song and Ming Dynasties, the ruined city walls were rebuilt more than once. In Qing Dynasty, the emperors of Shunzhi, Kan- gxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong all restored Chengdu, so that the structures of Chengdu＇ s city walls, streets, bridges and main buildings mostly remain the same till now. Meanwhile, Man Cheng was specially built in the west of Chengdu＇ s Da Cheng in Qing Dynasty for eight flag soldiers and their families. Man Cheng was comparatively closed to Han people who could not enter without permission. After the demise of Qing Dynasty, most parts of Chengdu city walls including Man Cheng were gradually pulled down and the remains can still be found now. The restoration and collapse of Chengdu city walls are the miniature of Chengdu＇ s historical changes.