明清之际一个普通士人的人生际遇——王崇简生平与出处

王崇简在明朝灭亡之前考取进士,未及授官,李自成军队便进入北京,遂携家眷流寓南方,两年后返回北京。自顺治初年授官后,仕途顺遂,康熙初年以原官致仕。可以说,在明亡前夕,王崇简虽然参加复社,对时局感悲不已,但并没有抱定君亡与亡的决心;清军入关后,他南奔避祸,期望南明政权恢复旧土,但无望而北返,也无意隐居埋名,最终投效清廷,荣宠备至。

Wang Chongjian: His Turns in Life Between the Ming ang Qing Dynasties

Wang Chongjian became a jinshi(an official candidate in the highest imperial examination) without any official rank before the fall of the Ming Dynasty.He fled to south China immediately after Li Zicheng's troops occupied Beijing.Two years later,he came back and served in the Qing government.His official career went right until retired in the early years of the reign of Emperor Kangxi.As it were,although Wang Chongjian joined in Fu-she and disappointed at the situation,he didn't die for the Ming Dynasty.In order to recover the native,he sought refuge and turned his expectations to the Ming Dynasty.When the hope was extinct,he came back from the south without hesitation,and he didn't retire into seclusion but gave his allegiance to the Qing government,which brought him honor and glory.