目标取向和动机对大学生体育锻炼的影响

在高校体育中,教师必须充分理解学生参加体育锻炼的动机,才能更好地实现学校体育的目标。因此,研究主要从大学生参加体育锻炼的动机(包括各种参加体育锻炼的原因)和成就目标取向的关系作调查研究。对412名不同专业一二年级的大学生,采用体育锻炼参与动机问卷调查(PMQ;Gilletal,1983),体育任务和自我取向问卷(TEOSQ;Duda&Whitehead,1996),对大学生体育锻炼的成就动机作评价。分析显示目标取向与个体动机模式(例如团队精神,技术提高等)相关,自我取向和不同的个体动机模式上存在显著联系(如社会地位和赏识)。结果表明,大学生参加体育锻炼的动机可以通过提高目标取向而提高。

Effects on Goal Orientations and Participation Motives to University Students' Physical Education and Sport

The important of sport and physical education in university and for health points to the need to better understand the motivation of young people in university towards physical activity.This study, therefore,investigated the interrelationship between participation motivation (reason given for involve- ment) and achievement goal orientation (how success in construed ) within the physical education en- vironment.In a survey,university youth (N=412)completed the participation Motivation Question- naire (PMQ) to assess motives for Participation in sport and physical activity and the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ) to assess achievement goal orientations.Canonical corre- lation analysis showed a clear relationship between task orientation and intrinsic motivation patters (e. g team spirit ,skill development),whereas ego orientation was associated with more extrinsic forms of motivation (e.g status /recognition).Results show that motivation is likely to be enhanced through the promotion of a task orientation.