编程软件、学业水平对初中学生计算思维发展的影响研究

近年来,计算思维的培养受到国内外广泛关注,一线教师纷纷尝试应用各种编程软件来发展学生的计算思维。为了解不同编程软件、学业水平对学生计算思维发展的影响,本研究以成都某初中七年级共187名学生为研究对象,进行了为期3个月的准实验研究,探讨不同编程软件、学业水平、学生性别等条件下学生计算思维发展的差异。研究发现:(1)不同学业成绩水平的学生在编程软件的选择方面有不同的需求。对于学业成绩水平较低的学生,可视化编程优于代码编程,而对于学业成绩水平较高的学生,编程软件的影响并不显著。(2)学业成绩水平对学生计算思维的发展有显著影响,并呈较强的正向相关。(3)不同性别学生之间计算思维的发展并无显著差异。基于这些研究结果,本文针对初中编程教育,从编程软件的选择、教学策略的运用、教学实践的任务设置等方面提出了促进学生计算思维发展的三条建议。

Research on the Influence of Programming Software and Academic Level on the Development of Computational Thinking of Secondary School Students

In recent years,the cultivation of computational thinking has gained a widespread concern at home and abroad.The first-line teachers try to utilize all kinds of programming software to develop students’ computational thinking.In order to understand the influence of different programming software and academic levels on the development of students’ computational thinking,this research has done a three-month experimental research,taking 187 grade seven students of a Chengdu secondary school as research object,and discussed the differences of the development of students’ computational thinking under conditions like different programming software,academic level,and students sex.Research has found out that:a.students of different academic levels have different needs in the choices of programming software.As to the students of relatively low academic level,visualized programming is better than code programming;as to the students of relatively high academic level,the influence of programming software is not so obvious.b.the level of academic achievement has a great influence on the development of students’ computational thinking,and presented a rather powerful forward related.c.students of different sexes do not have any obvious differences in the development of computational thinking. Based on these research results,this paper,aiming at the programming education of secondary schools,has put forward three suggestions of promoting students’ development of computational thinking from the following aspects,namely,the choice of programming software,the application of teaching strategies,and the task settings of teaching practices.