城乡家庭相对成本视角下的教育公平问题

目前,我国高等教育收费制度实际上是不考虑学生家庭背景的无差异收费制度。这种制度因城乡家庭收入水平不同,却形成高等教育相对成本的差异。本文通过对陕西高校1992年—2004年收费标准与城乡家庭收入的比较研究发现,农村家庭高等教育相对成本远远高于城市家庭。这样的教育收费制度,使城乡孩子在入学机会、专业选择进而在未来就业、收入等方面存在明显的不公平,并对高等教育的公平原则产生了较大冲击。因此,高等教育应在进一步完善助学制度的基础上,进行制度创新,实行高等教育差别定价策略,积极探索高等教育投资多元化途径,促进社会公平。

The Education Fairness From the View of the Cost Gap Between Urban and Rural Families

The higher education tuition system in china is the indiscriminate one which have not take account for the student's family economic background Because of the income gap between the urban and rural families,this system of higher education results in the difference in relative education cost.This paper compares the tuition standard of higher education of Shaan'xi Province with the family income of China from 1992 to 2004.The result of analysis and comparison points out that the relative education cost in rural families is higher than that in urban families.As a result,obvious inequality appears between urban and rural youths in the matriculation opportunity,and the specialized subject choice,which in turn affects their future employment and income.At present,education tuition system violates the ability-to-pay principle,and deviates from the education equality principle.Therefore,the higher education aid system should be further consummated and the higher education tuition system should be innovated,and a discriminated price strategy should be implemented.The higher education investment source should be multiple in order to promote society fairness.