1960年至2009年河西走廊东部太阳辐射变化规律及太阳能资源利用分析

利用线性回归分析和Mann-Kendall检验法,统计分析了河西走廊东部1960年-2009年近50a来的太阳总辐射和日照时数的变化规律。结果表明:河西走廊东部年平均太阳总辐射为5988.7MJ/m2,为太阳能资源丰富区,太阳总辐射存在明显的季节变化,月和日太阳总辐射变化趋势均呈单峰型。河西走廊东部年平均太阳总辐射在波动中上升,其线性倾向率为+12.7MJ(/m2·a);春、夏、秋、冬季的太阳总辐射呈不同程度的上升趋势,线性倾向率为+4.72MJ(/m2·a)、+5.69MJ(/m2·a)、+2.0MJ(/m2·a)、+0.17MJ(/m2·a)。年太阳总辐射、年日照时数的突变增大年与区域内气候开始变暖年同步,气候变暖使区域内中北部川区降水呈增多趋势,说明全球增暖的气候背景下,降水增多对空中的大气污染物有抑制作用,有利于河西走廊东部太阳能总辐射值、日照时数的增大。河西走廊东部年日照时数在空间分布呈现由北向南逐渐减少,季节分布呈现由夏-春-秋-冬季减少。研究区域太阳能资源总量丰富,有利于太阳能资源的开发利用。

Characteristics of Change in Solar Radiation and Solar Energy Resources Use over the Eastern Hexi Corridor

Using linear regression and the Mann-Kendal method, characteristics of variation in solar radiation over the eastern Hexi corridor during the period 1960-2009 were analyzed. Results showed that the annual average solar radiation was about 5988.7MJ/m²; it is therefore rich in solar energy resources. Years with solar radiation larger than 5800 MJ/m² account for 76% of all years. The solar radiation showed obvious seasonal variation, largest in summer, followed by spring, and smallest in winter, with the solar radiation in summer being more than one time that in winter. Change in month solar radiation showed unimodal. The maximum and minimum monthly solar radiation appeared in June and in December, respectively. The time in a day with the strongest solar radiation was from 12:00 to 13:00. The mean annual solar radiation generally increased at a rate of 12.7 MJ/(m²·a), with increasing in the 1960s, decreasing in the 1970s, and increasing slightly since the 1980s. After that, it remained an increasing trend during the period of the 1990s and the first decade of the 21st century. The seasonal solar radiation increased to varying degrees, showing increasing rates of 4.72, 5.69, 2.0, 0.17 MJ/(m²·a) for spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The year of a sudden change in annual solar radiation and annual sunshine hour and the year of climate starting warming in the region were generally synchronous. The warming climate seemed to have caused increase in precipitation over the mid-north of the area. The increased precipitation appeared to mitigate air pollutant, making air visibility improved. As for spatial distribution, the annual sunshine hour gradually deceased from the northern desert areas, the central plain areas, to the southern mountains. It was concluded that solar energy is generally rich and has the potential to be exploited and utilized. This study would be conducive to a better understanding of solar radiation and sunshine hour over the eastern Hexi corridor, providing reference for solar energy development in the region.