试论大学的本质是培养人——以大学发展历史为视角

欧洲中世纪社会发展对高层次专门人才的需求，促使了人类历史上第一次出现的以追求和传播高深学问为途径培养人的新型社会组织——中世纪大学的诞生。在大学近千年的发展历史中，每一次大学对社会人才素质提升的需求满足，都成功地促进了新型大学的产生：为德意志民族培养理性的、个性完善的青年一代的历史使命催生了柏林大学；为社会培养新型技术人才是美国赠地学院诞生与快速发展的强大动力源。当代大学改革的成效、未来大学发展的辉煌，都将取决于大学能否继续坚守遵循探究高深学问的途径，不断丰富大学教育的本质内涵，更有效地培养高素质的一代新人。

On the Nature of the University to Train People Based on the Perspective of the University Development History

The high level professional personnel which were required by the social development during the Middle Ages of Europe precipitated the birth of a new social organization, medieval universities. Those u- niversities were targeted on treating people through pursuit of and dissemination of higher learning. Dur- ing almost a thousand years development of universities, a new type of university was always generated successfully every time when the universities satisfied the demands of higher level social talent quality, such as the University of Berlin was founded because of the historical mission which was raising rational and talented generation with perfect individuality for Germany and training new technical personnel for the society was the powerful motive power for the birth and dynamic development of the Land-Grant Colleges in the United States. The reform effect of contemporary universities and the glorious development of fu- ture universities will rely on whether universities can continue on exploring higher learning, enriching the essence of university education and educatin~ high 1;~ 1