体医融合协同治理:美国经验及其启示

美国作为体医融合的倡导者和先行者，协同体育、医疗、卫生、教育等多元主体通力合作，把体力活动作为健康促进的重要方式，强调医疗卫生与体育非医疗手段深度融合，通过明晰不同利益相关者的权利及责任，构筑整体均衡的合作秩序，走出了多元主体协同治理之路。运用文献资料、比较分析等研究方法，在厘定体医融合协同治理的内涵与特征的基础上，对美国的体医融合协同治理体系进行探讨，研究发现：（1）采取顶层设计协同的治理环境；（2）构建多元化健康服务平台；（3）健全治理责任分担机制等协同治理举措。基于此，获得我国体医融合协同治理启示：（1）加强政府部门的核心领导，顶层设计协同治理框架；（2）协同体育和医疗机构联袂，构建体医融合服务平台；（3）建立科学的责任分担机制，明确多方主体治理责任等，促进我国体医融合协同治理有序推进，以期为我国全民健身与全民健康深度融合提供强力支撑。

Collaborative Governance of Sports and Medicine: Enlightenment Acquired from American Experience

As the advocate and pioneer of collaboration between sports and medical institution, the U.S. has successfully initiated the collaborative governance by integrating sports, medicine, health, and education. The U.S. takes physical activities as a major way to keep fit, emphasizing deep collaboration of medicine with sports. It constructs balanced cooperative order by clearing the liabilities and benefits of related partiess. Through literature study and comparative analysis, the author elaborates on the connotation and features of collaborative governance between sports and medicine and collaborative governance system of sports and medicine in the U.S., which has adopted top-level design to realize collaborative governance, multivariate platform for health service, and responsibility sharing system. In China, the core leadership of the government and the top-level governing framework should be built. The cooperation between sports and medical institution is the guarantee for constructing a cooperative platform of sports and medical institution. The responsibility sharing system to define the responsibilities of related parties should be established.