辽宁西部地区先秦时期聚落遗址空间格局分析

聚落考古是以聚落遗址为研究对象的考古学重要手段之一.选取遗址数目众多的辽宁西部地区,采用决策树分类和基于遗址等级权重的改进聚类分析方法划分聚落,研究聚落分布及其内部结构关系.经分析,辽宁西部地区聚落分布受到水系、地貌和气候的共同作用,不同时期呈现出不同形态.区域中最大的聚落位于大凌河支流流域,该位置与史料中记载的辽西区域郡首阳乐的位置十分相近.通过对遗址等级的统计分析,各聚落内高等级遗址所占比例逐渐减小,最后趋于5%左右,各聚落高等级遗址的控制范围与位置和聚落内部遗址数目关系密切.

Spatial-pattern analysis of settlements in western region of Liaoning during pre-Qin period

Settlement archaeology with settlement sites as research object is an essential method of archaeology. We selected the western part of Liaoning as the research area where there are numerous settlement sites. Decision tree classification and improved clustering analysis method that is based on the weights of the site level were used to divide settlement sites and to study the internal structures and control ranges. The analysis results show that the settlement distribution was affected by the drainage, landscape,and climate and it had different forms in different periods. The biggest settlement in the area was located in the tributary basin of Daling river, which is very close to the first county of Liaoxi, Yangle, in the historical record.Based on statistical analysis of historic site grade, the ratio of high-level sites in all the settlements decreased gradually to about 5%, and the control range of high-level settlements of different sites is in close relation with the location and the amount of settlements.