降低PM2.5健康风险的支付意愿及影响因素研究

运用意愿调查法调查了北京市和南昌市居民对降低PM2.5年均浓度的支付意愿。结果表明:北京居民愿意为降低PM2.5年均浓度的30%、45%和60%而平均每月支付71.60元、85.66元和94.31元;南昌居民仅愿意为降低30%和50%而平均每月支付31.43元和52.47元。运用Logit逐步回归分析表明:北京居民对PM2.5相关后果的判断、南昌居民对PM2.5可控性的判断分别显著影响是否愿意支付。半对数多元逐步回归表明:影响北京居民支付意愿大小的因素较多,PM2.5对社会的影响程度、风险发生可能性、风险持续时间和风险可控性等均表现出显著影响;而显著影响南昌居民支付意愿大小的因素仅有社会的影响程度、平等性与年龄3项。

Study on the Willingness to Pay for Reductions of Health Risks Caused by PM2 .5

This paper investigates resident's willingness to pay ( WTP ) for reductions of health risks that are caused by PM2.5 in Beijing and Nanchang by contingent valuation method (CVM).Results show that the WTP of Beijing residents-was 71.65yuan/month for reducing the concentration of PM 2.5 by 30%, 85.66 yuan/month for a reduction of 45%, and 94.31yuan/month for a reduction of 60%.The WTP of Nanchang residents is 31.43 and 52.47 yuan/month for reducing the concentration of PM 2.5 by 30%and 50%.The Logit model result showes that the judgment of consequences related to PM2.5 of Beijing residents showes significant effect , but judgment of controllability of Nanchang residents have strong influ-ence on the willing to pay or not .The OLS result shows many different factors have strong effect on the amount of willingness to pay of Beijing residents, such as, duration of risk, possibility of risk, anger, income.Three factors-possibility of risk, equality of risk and age-showed significant influence on the amount of willingness to pay of Nanchang residents .