论教育制度及其对行为的规训

教育制度,就是在教育活动过程中,调整学校及师生行为的规则或规范的总称。教育制度包括正式制度和非正式制度。教育制度通过明确规定职责、权利、义务,使教育系统的每个个体或群体都明确应该怎样做或不应该怎样做,使他们的行为有规可循,从而对行为主体发挥着规训的作用。教育制度之所以具有规训的力量,可以从三个方面加以分析:一是从教育制度的产生来看,教育制度得到了大多数人的赞同,是人们约定性的产物;二是从教育制度的性质来看,教育制度是合规律性与合目的性的统一;三是从教育制度的实施过程来看,教育制度本身代表了大多数人的愿望和要求,它具有权威性、强制性以及普遍性,在教育教学过程中,所有学生都应遵循学校的各种规章制度,否则就会受到学校的惩罚。

On Educational Rules and Its Regulation of Behaviors

In educational practice,educational rules mean the stipulations or norms to regulate institutions and subjects.The rules constitute the formal and the informal,and all lead to the specification of responsibility,right,and obligation of an individual or a group who can thus behave accordingly.The power of this regulation lies in the three aspects: 1) in the formation,educational rules are agreed upon by the majority through common practice;2) in the property,educational rules are characteristic of the balance between regularity and intention;3) in the implementation,educational rules are representative of the public goals and needs to be authoritative,obligatory and universal,and are consequently obeyed by all the participants who may not be penalized then.