中日足球职业联赛竞争性平衡的对比研究

通过综述国外职业联赛竞争性平衡基本理论,借鉴其控制竞争性平衡的制度与规则及检验联赛竞争性平衡的行业集中度、赫芬达尔指数及TOPKranking方法,对中日两国足球职业联赛的竞争性平衡进行对比研究。结果显示:职业化改革以来,中日足球职业联赛竞争性平衡出现较大的偏差,日本足球联赛的竞争性平衡更加科学平稳,同时两国联赛顶级俱乐部间的竞争均显示日趋激烈;总体上反映出日本足球联赛较中国足球联赛发展得更加健康,并且中国足球联赛各俱乐部的竞争力具有较强的不稳定性。初步分析得出:中国足球投资主体的属性问题是影响中国足球职业联赛竞争性平衡的最关键的因素。

A Comparative Study on Competitive Balance between Chinese and Japanese Football League Matches

Through reviewing the elementary theories of competitive balance in overseas professional league matches,gaining lessons from its system and rules of controlling competitive balance and testing the methods of measuring competitive balance of league matches,such as degree of industry concentration,Cindy in index and TOP K ranking method,the authors have made comparative studies on the competitive balance between Chinese and Japanese professional football league matches.Results indicate that since the reform of career-oriented league matches,there is a big difference in the competitive balance of professional football league matches between Japan and China as the competitive balance of Japanese football league is more scientific and stable and the competition between the top league clubs in both countries is becoming increasingly fierce.On the whole,it is reflected that the football league matches in Japan have a more healthy development than that in China and the competitivity of each professional football club in China has a strong instability.Preliminary analysis show that the issue of property of the main bodies by Chinese football investors is the most critical factor which influences the competitive balance of China's professional football league matches.