学校体育落实“健康第一”教育理念的历史必然、实然困境与应然路径

为促进学校体育“健康第一”教育理念的有效落实，帮助提升青少年学生体质健康水平，运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法，系统分析了学校体育落实“健康第一”教育理念的历史必然、实然困境和应然路径。研究认为，从新中国成立初期、20世纪末至21世纪初、党的十八大以来等不同历史阶段“健康第一”教育理念肩负着增强体质、素质教育、健康教育的责任，树立和落实“健康第一”教育理念是学校体育的历史必然。但在落实过程中却面临着思想指向被泛化、身体安全被过度强调、人文价值被忽视、主体责任缺乏监管等实然困境，导致“健康第一”教育理念难以有效落实。为此，需要实施“一体化设计、一体化推进”的策略，不断加强顶层制度设计，推进体育健康教育，践行体教融合政策，压实执行主体责任，才能有助于“健康第一”教育理念的有效落实，帮助提升青少年学生体质健康水平。

The Historical Necessity, Practical Dilemma and Necessary Path of Implementing the Educational Concept of "Health First" in School Physical Education

In order to promote the effective implementation of the educational concept of "health first" in school physical education and help improve the physical health level of young students, this paper systematically analyzes the historical necessity, practical dilemma and inevitable path of implementing the educational concept of "health first" in school physical education by using the methods of literature and logical analysis. The research shows that the concept of "health first" education shoulders the responsibility of strengthening physique, quality education and health education in different historical stages from the early days of the founding of new China, the end of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century, and after the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Establishing and implementing the concept of "health first" education is the historical necessity of school physical education. However, in the process of implementation, it is faced with practical difficulties, such as the generalization of ideological orientation, the excessive emphasis on physical safety, the neglect of humanistic value and the lack of supervision of subject responsibility, which makes it difficult to effectively implement the educational concept of "health first". Therefore, we need to implement the strategy of "integrated design and integrated promotion", constantly strengthen the top-level system design, promote physical health education, practice the integration policy of physical education and education, and compact the main responsibility, so as to contribute to the effective implementation of the educational concept of "health first" and help improve the physical health level of young students.