基于社会分层视角下的大众体育健身需求特征及影响因素研究

以转型期中国社会所呈现的动态的多元化社会阶层结构为视角,选取北京市作为典型调查对象,通过对不同社会阶层体育健身需求的大样本调查研究,考察大众体育健身需求的多样化态势及多维影响因素。结果表明:1)经理人员和专业技术人员的健身需求平均分居前2位,专业技术人员、私营企业主阶层对体育需求的程度次之,农业劳动者和城乡无业失业半失业者阶层需求的程度最低。2)体育健身服务质量评价等级、收入水平、体育健身价值评价高低与体育健身需求呈现一定的正向关系,且在各等级间存在显著性差异。文化程度与体育健身需求成正相关,而自身体质健康自评高低与体育健身需求成负相关。

A Study of the Fitness Requirement Characteristics and Influence Factors from the Perspective of Social Differentiation

From a perspective of dynamic diverse social differentiation in transformation of China,the paper takes Beijing as a typical object to investigate the diverse trend of mass fitness requirement and influence factors by a large number of samples of fitness requirement of different social classes.The result shows that: 1) the average grades of fitness requirement of managers and professionals rank in Top 2,while owners of private enterprises rank secondly to them,and peasants and non-employees and half non-employees last.2) quality evaluation stages of fitness service,incomes,and fitness value evaluation have positive relations in some extent and remarkable differences exists in different stages.Education background has positive relation to fitness requirement while self-evaluation of physical health has negative relation to fitness requirement.