基于共生理论体育赛事与城市的契合及层次开发研究

摘要：共生现象不仅存在于生物界，而且广泛存在于社会和经济领域中，运用共生理论分析体育赛事与城市之间如何更好的互惠共生、相互依存为本研究的目的。基于共生理论，以不同体育赛事与城市的契合及层次开发为研究对象，利用文献资料法、实地考察法、走访座谈法等，全面探讨体育赛事在政治、社会、经济、文化、环境五大领域与城市的契合。结果表明：体育赛事与城市存在共生关系，并且共生度和关联度极高，它们之间是一种互惠共生模式，其共生界面主要是政府和市场。建议：未来城市发展体育赛事选择要讲求循序渐进原则；树立梯级开发战略；选择植入、培育、开发与城市高度契合的体育赛事；注重传统体育赛事与民族民间体育赛事的传承与挖掘。研究明确了体育赛事与城市的共生关系，会对城市更好的层次开发不同体育赛事，进而促进体育赛事与城市的互惠共生与契合产生一定的理论与实践价值。

Coherence and Layered Development of Sports Event and Host City: Based on the Symbiosis Theory

Abstract: Symbiosis not only exists in the biosphere, but also widely exists in the social and economical fields. This study aimed at exploring how the better mutualism and interdependence can happen between sporting event and host city. Based on the symbiosis theory, this paper discussed coherence points in politic, social, economical, cultural and environmental aspects by the methods of literature review, field survey, and interview. The coherence and layered development of different sports events and host cities is the research object. The results showed that there is coexistence between sporting event and city, moreover, the degree of symbiosis and relevancy are really high. The existing model between them is reciprocal model which mainly depends on government and market. Suggestions: When hosting an event, we should follow stepwise principal, set up cascade development strategy, implant, cultivate, or develop the event which has high coherence point with the city, pay attention to inherit and exploit traditional sports and national folk sports. This study demonstrated the symbiotic relationship between sports event and city, it will good for layered developing sports event and provide some theoretical and practical value for the coherence.