上海市实施体教结合培养竞技体育后备人才的审视与思考

上海市体教结合经过20年的发展，其制度建设得到进一步完善，运动项目布局、梯队结构趋于合理，教练员业务水平明显提高，经费紧张局面得到一定缓解，人才培养初显成效。但也面临着“路径依赖”的强势惯性、体教两家工作着力点不尽相同、专业体校吸引力不断下降、人口基数低导致体育后备人才匮乏等问题。在后奥运时代，运动员文化教育应全面纳入国民教育体系、高水平运动队建设要融入“科教兴市”主战略，全社会动员全方位结合实现竞技体育的可持续发展。

Retrospect and Prospect of Combination of Sports and Education in the Sport Reserve Talent in Shanghai

After the development of 20 years, the combination of sports and education in Shanghai has obtained some achievements, such as the system had been improved, the distribution of sport events and the structure of different level sport teams were reasonable, the level of coaches had raised and the fund had been partly solved. But there are still many problems to be solved, such as route reliance has strong inertia, the department of sports and education still exist different working focus, the attraction of special sports school has decreased, reserve talents is deficient etc. After 2008 Olympic Games, the culture education condition of elite athletes should put into the system of the whole people education, the construction of top level sport teams in colleges comes into the strategy of city prosperity by science and education, the whole society should mobilize the all- round combination of sports and education for the continual development of competitive sports.