中国足球、篮球职业教练竞赛焦虑透视与分析

采用斯皮尔伯格状态-特质焦虑量表、问卷调查中国甲A足球和CBA联赛教练，揭示职业教练竞赛焦虑现状和特点。研究结果表明：(1)职业教练竞赛焦虑包含特质焦虑和状态焦虑两方面，联赛期与歇赛期相比，特质焦虑相对恒定，无明显差异，而状态焦虑水平呈高度显著性差异；(2)联赛期主教练焦虑程度明显高于助理教练，且特质焦虑和状态焦虑差异均呈显著性；(3)联赛期不同阶段、不同处境主教练状态焦虑值随联赛进程呈不同的变化曲线，且与球队成绩排名直接相关。

Perspective and Analysis of the Competition Anxiety of Professional Coaches in National Football League and CBA

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the characteristics of competition anxiety of the professional coaches with the Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory.The results showed that the trait anxiety during the match season remained relatively constant without significant dif-ference compared with the trait anxiety during the interval of the match season,while the state anxiety bears significant difference.The anxiety level of head coaches was obviously greater than that of assistant coaches.Moreover,the anxiety of head coaches was obviously greater than that of assistant coaches with trait and state anxiety bearing significance.During different phases of match season,the state anxiety of head coaches varied followed the procedure of league match in different curves and directly correlated with the ranking of teams.