我国青少年体质健康政策执行困境研究——基于修正后“模糊—冲突”模型的分析

我国青少年体质健康政策执行困境是学界长期关注的重点。该文以修正后的“模糊—冲突”模型为基础,采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法选取了我国青少年体质健康政策文件中具有代表性的“学生体质健康监测”“每天锻炼一小时”“构建学校、家庭、社区体育一体化”“学业减负保障学生睡眠”四个子政策作为案例分析。根据政策属性的模糊性和冲突性划分出不同的政策执行类别,并对影响四类政策执行的支配性要素进行模型解释,最终归结出导致政策执行困境的深层次原因。在此基础上提出了保障体质健康资源、完善政策监督机制、优化条块管理模式、引领社会舆论导向等提升政策执行效力的建议。

Difficulties in Implementation of Chinese Adolescent Physical Health Policy Based on Analysis of the Revised Ambiguity-Conflict Model

The difficulties in implementation of the Chinese Adolescent Physical Health Policy have long been the focus of the academic circles for a long time.Based on the revised Ambiguity-Conflict Model,literature review and logical analysis,this paper studied four sub-policies:“One Hour of Exercise Every Day”,“Constructing the Integration of School,Family and Community Sports”,“Reducing the Burden of Study and Ensuring the Students’Sleep”.According to the ambiguity and conflict of policy attributes,different policy implementation categories were divided in two dimensions,and the dominant factors affecting the four types of policy implementation were explained by the model.It was concluded that the deep-seated reasons leading to the difficulties in the policy implementation.Suggestions were made to improve the effectiveness of policy implementation,such as ensuring the resources of physical health,perfecting the mechanism of policy supervision,optimizing the mode of management and leading the public opinion etc.