我国《体育法》修改之法律明确性研究——基于立法经济学视角的探讨

从经济学视角看，法律条款的明确性和模糊性直接与立法成本、法律适用过程中的成本和法律所产生的效用直接相关。不同的法律体系对法律条款明确性的要求有所不同。在我国的法律传统中，以往的立法往往是采用较为模糊和宽松的立法，法律条款的设置和表述都较为宽泛，多以原则性的规定为主。实际上，法律条款明确性水平的确定是决定立法效益的重要因素，也是反映立法质量良莠的重要标志。党的十八届四中全会明确提出"推进立法精细化"，这是依法治国战略下对法律明确性的进一步要求。在这一新的形势下，《体育法》的修改也应该遵循国家对立法所做出的新要求，使得修改后的《体育法》的法律明确性水平实现优化，让《体育法》真正能够为我国体育事业的发展保驾护航。那么，如何确定《体育法》的明确性是本文试图探讨的问题。文章运用文献资料法、比较法等方法，基于Francesco Parisi和VincyFon的立法经济学理论，对我国《体育法》的明确性进行了初步的探讨，试图为我国当前的《体育法》修改工作提供理论参考。

Specificity of China' Sports Law Based on Economics of Lawmaking

Based on the economics of lawmaking of Francesco Parisi and Vincy Fon, the specificity of sports law in China is analyzed in order to provide theoretical reference for revising China's Sports Law. From an economic point of view, the specificity and vagueness of the legal provisions are directly related to the cost of legislation, the costs of the application of law and the effectiveness of the law. Different legal systems have different requirements for the specificity of the legal provisions. In China, the legal provisions are often vaguely used. The set of legal provisions and expression are relatively broad. In fact, determination of the optimal specificity level of legal provisions is an important factor for the efficiency of legislation. It also reflects the good or bad quality of legislation. In the fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the CPC was determined to "promote legislation refinement". Under this new situation, the "sports law" amendment should also follow the new requirements, optimizing the sports law, ensuring that sports law's safeguarding the development of sports in China.