基于公众评价的体育公共服务财政投入现实困境与提升路径

基于全国15个省份公众体育公共服务评价的问卷调查，通过理论分析和实证检验，得出公众的整体性评价和分类人群的差异性评价，在此基础上探求体育公共服务财政投入困境并提出提升路径。研究发现，当前体育公共服务财政投入困境主要表现为：实际能力与职能定位难匹配，财力"有限性"与投入"全能型"矛盾；投入体系不协同，政府"难放权"与社会力量"难支撑"并存；投入结构不合理，免费、便捷的体育资源缺乏与大型体育场馆闲置、运动赛事受众面窄相冲突；影响因素更迭，传统与现代观念中体育公共服务的受众分类方式转变。研究得出提升路径为：完善顶层设计，规捋体育公共服务财政投入体系；厘清职能定位，将有限的财政资金作为杠杆撬动市场发展；破除财政投入定式，采用细化与综合相结合的分类政策制定模式；转变投入重心，加大公众身边体育资源投入；保障投入底线，重视弱势群体公平享受体育资源权益。

Difficulties and Promotion of Financial Input in Sports Public Service Based on Empirical Investigation of Public Evaluation

The research was based on the service evaluation questionnaire of the public sports in 15 provinces to study the integrated evaluation of the public sports public service and differences in classification of people through the theoretical analysis and empirical test. It found that the sports public service fiscal investment was difficult to match the actual need. The investment could not provide enough supply. The supply system was not established. It was difficult for the government to give power and involve more social support. The investment structure was unreasonable. One the one hand, people were in lack of sports resources while on the other hand, many sports venues were not used and not many sports games were held.With the changes of influential factors, traditional and modern concepts of sports public services were changing by the classification of people. Therefore, measures should be taken to improve the top-level design, regulate fiscal investment system, clarify the functions, making the limited financial funds to the utmost use so as to push the development of the market. Meanwhile, measures should be taken for changing the focus of investment, increasing the public resources investment around the sports, ensuring the investment, paying more attention to the vulnerable group's rights and interests of fair and equitable enjoyment of sports.