竞技太极拳中32系列难度动作单脚支撑落地稳定性训练探析

基于运动人体科学与运动训练学的相关理论,采用文献分析法、参与观察法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法等研究方法,对竞技太极拳中32系列难度动作落地单脚支撑技术特征进行理论分析和规律探讨。旨在从整体上系统地理解竞技太极拳中32系列难度动作各阶段间的关系,进而准确把握此类动作训练方法设计的理论基础,从而设计科学合理的训练方法,以提高运动员32系列难度动作落地单脚支撑的稳定性。研究得出,可通过SWISS球上俯卧转体等训练提高核心肌群的协调控制能力,BOSU球上单双腿直立或半蹲等练习增强髋关节肌群的离心收缩能力和协调控制能力,仰卧屈膝足跟夹SWISS球、手法松解等方式增强膝关节不同肌群的等长收缩、向心收缩、神经协调控制能力;通过踝关节PNF拉伸、跖趾关节PNF拉伸等增强足底非固有肌离心收缩能力和柔韧性,提高足底固有肌的神经协调能力。

Stability Analysis and Training Method Design of One-leg Support for Difficult Movements in Competitive Taijiquan

Based on the relevant theories in sports human science and sports training, this paper used literature analysis method, video analysis method, expert interview method, questionnaire survey and other research methods to theoretically analyze the technical characteristics of 32 series of difficulty action landing single foot support in competitive Taijiquan.Analysis and regular discussion aimed to systematically understand the relationship between the various stages and accurately grasped the theoretical basis of the design of such action training methods, so as to design scientific and reasonable training methods to improve the stability of the support.It was concluded that the coordination of the core muscles could be improved by training on the SWISS ball on the prone and the body.The BOSU ball on the single or both legs upright or half awkward exercises could enhance the centrifugal contraction ability and coordination control ability of the hip muscle group.The supine knee flexion heel clip SWISS ball, manual release could enhance the isometric contraction ability, centripetal contraction, and neural coordination control ability of different muscle groups of the knee joint; enhance the foot through the ankle joint PNF stretching, the metatarsophalangeal joint PNF stretching.The non-intrinsic muscle of the bottom was eccentrically contracted and flexible, and the nerve coordination ability of the natural muscle of the foot was improved.