新冠肺炎疫情期间大学生居家体育锻炼行为与促进研究

居家体育锻炼作为全民健身和终身体育的重要形式，是新冠肺炎疫情期间和特殊天气条件下大众的主要锻炼方式。通过对新冠肺炎疫情期间47所高校4 416名大学生居家体育锻炼情况的调查，分析了疫情期间大学生居家体育锻炼的行为，结果显示：（1）82.98%的大学生达不到每天锻炼一小时的标准，男生居家体育锻炼频率、强度、时长均显著高于女生，受疫情影响严重的华中地区大学生居家体育锻炼频率和时长均最低，力量练习、跑步、跳绳是大学生主要的居家体育锻炼项目；（2）大学生居家体育锻炼认知与行为之间存在正向相关关系，但知行不一的现象仍普遍存在；（3）内部动机是大学生居家体育锻炼的主要动机，外在因素是阻碍大学生居家体育锻炼的主要因素，学校体育教学、网络媒体、运动APP和公众号是大学生居家体育锻炼认知的主要途径，基于网络课堂的居家体育学习方式中，通过教学视频进行学习的效果最好，网络直播效果最差；（4）父母与子女间的居家体育锻炼行为具有较强的代际互动关系。建议建立基于网络平台的家校社联动机制，促进大学生居家体育锻炼可持续发展。

Behavior and Promotion of College Students' Home-based Physical Exercise during Covid-19 Pandemic

Home-based physical exercise is a major form of national fitness and lifelong sports, it is the main exercise mode for the public during the Novel Corona-virus Pneumonia outbreak and special weather conditions. Based on the investigation of 4416 college students' home-based physical exercise in 47 universities during the period of Novel Corona-virus Pneumonia, this paper analyzed the behavior of college students' home-based physical exercise during the epidemic period:1) 82.98% of the students failed to exercise one hour a day, the frequency, intensity and duration of home-based physical exercise for boys were significantly higher than those of the girls. The frequency and duration of home-based physical exercise of the college students in Central China seriously affected by the epidemic were the lowest. Strength exercise, running and rope skipping were the main home-based physical exercise forms of the college students. There was a positive correlation between the college students' cognition and behavior of home-based physical exercise, but the phenomenon of different cognition and behavior still existed. Intrinsic motivation was the main motivations for the college students' home-based physical exercise, external factors were the main factors affecting their home-based physical exercise. School physical education, internet, sports APP and official account were the main ways for them to acquire knowledge and skills of home-based physical exercise. Among the home-based physical activities based on network classroom, the effect of learning through teaching video was the best, and the effect of live network was the worst. There was a strong intergenerational interaction between parents and children's home-based physical exercise behaviors. It was suggested that a family school society linkage mechanism should be based on the network platform to promote the sustainable development of the college students' home-based physical exercise.