中国铁人三项协会脱钩改革的制度困境与出路——基于新制度理论的视角

基于作者2020年参与“十四五”铁人三项项目发展规划编制的系列调研资料,以新制度理论作为分析框架,分析中国铁人三项协会脱钩改革的制度困境,寻找中国铁人三项协会改革的出路。认为中国铁人三项协会脱钩改革的制度困境包括:协会的行业自治权缺乏必要的制度维护,非营利性运营的制度规定具有模糊性,影响协会获取生存与发展的资源;协会运行的制度在规范性维度尚有缺失,制约协会脱钩的进程;协会改革参与主体对认知性维度的制度存在片面性、差异性理解,导致脱钩改革制度的认同困境。提出:调整协会改革规制性维度的制度,增强制度的适用性;完善规范性维度的制度,促进协会健康有序运行;秉承多元化理念建构协会脱钩改革认知性维度的制度,满足不同利益主体对脱钩改革的价值诉求。

Institutional Dilemma and Way Out of Decoupling Reform of Chinese Triathlon Association Based on Perspective of New Institutional Theory

Based on participation on events development planning of the 14th five-year plan,taking the new system theory as the analytical framework, this paper studied the institutional dilemma of the decoupling reform of China Triathlon Association and explored for the way out of the reform. It was held that the dilemmas included the lack of necessary institutional maintenance of the industry autonomy of the association, the ambiguity of the institutional provisions of non-profit operation, which influenced the association’s access to the resources for survival and development. The system of association operation was still in lack of the normative dimension, which restricted the process of association decoupling. The understanding of the participants of the reform was one-sided and different, leading to the identification difficulty of the decoupling reform system. It was suggested that the regulation dimension of the association should be adjusted to enhance the applicability of the system, to perfect the normative dimension system to promote the healthy and orderly operation of the association, to adhere to the concept of pluralism so as to meet the demands of different interest subjects.