我国竞技体育运动项目结构特征及奥运设项效益研究

运用数理统计法以我国高水平体育后备人才基地运动项目设置、各省（区、市）十运会和雅典奥运会所取得的成绩为研究对象，从运动项目结构和效益两个维度出发，分析我国运动项目结构的非均衡特征及形成机制，考察运动项目结构与全运战略和奥运战略的协调程度，对运动项目设项效益进行量化分析。研究表明，我国运动项目布局主要以全运竞争格局为导向，区域布局与普及率失衡，项目结构与奥运战略存在一定偏差，奥运设项效益偏低，通过竞赛体制改革，增进奥运战略导向力度，对运动项目结构进行调整是提高奥运设项效益的有效途径。

Study on Structure Character of Our Competitive Sports and Benefit of Event in Olympic Games

Through using the method of mathematical statistics, and taking events of high level sport talent reserve pool, the achievement got by each province in 10^th National Games and Athens Olympic Games as study objects, the paper makes analysis on characteristics of event structure, the benefit of events in Olympic Games in order to provide some suggestions for adjustment of events distribution. The result shows that the unbalanced event structure is mostly resulted from the National Games Strategy, the inconsistency between event proportion and Olympics Games Strategy is responsible for the poor benefit in the Olympic Games. It is effective way to promote the benefit in the Olympic Games for making reform on competition system and adjustment event structure.