武术文化对传统“道论”哲学的吸收与借鉴

中国武术根植于中国传统文化的“土壤”中,其形成、发展和成熟的过程也深受传统文化的滋养与影响,特别是武术文化借鉴并吸收了传统哲学中的核心思想——“道论”,使武术不仅具有搏击的功能,更具备实现中国传统文化德育和教化的功能,成为练习者提升个人修养、提高精神境界的可行手段,也成为武术区别于其他武技的最重要的文化特征。武术文化所吸收和借鉴的传统“道论”哲学,主要源于宋明理学对于“道”的理解和解释,其中“道”具有“道德”“道理”“方法”等3个层面的含义;而武术与“道论”相结合主要采取了“道器不二”和“比附与借用”2种实现途径。武术文化对于传统“道论”哲学的吸收与借鉴,不仅使中国传统文化在思想观念层面完成对武术文化的理论构建,也为自身在传统文化的大氛围中寻找到存在与发展的“合道性”依据。

Absorption and Reference ofWushu Culture from the Philosophy of Traditional"Taoism Conception"(Daolun)

Rooted in the Traditional Chinese culture,Chinese wushu has been deeply influenced during its process of formation and development.Especially wushu culture has learned and absorbed the core proposition of Chinese philosophy,"Taoism Conception"(Daolun),which makes it achieve the function of moral education and edify education of Chinese traditional culture,becoming the instrument of promoting individual cultivation and spiritual state for the practitioners.And this makes it different from other martial arts cultures.The traditional"Taoism Conception"(Daolun)absorbed and learned by Wushu culture,mainly comes from the logic thoughts of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties,among which,"Taoism"has 3 layers of meaning,i.e.,"morality","reason"and"way".On the other hand,the combination of Wushu and"Taoism Conception"uses 2 channels of"the unity of principle and method"and"analogy and borrowing".With the absorption and reference from Chinese traditional culture,especially"Taoism Conception"(Daolun),Wushu culture accomplishes the theory establishment ideologically by Chinese traditional culture.It also lays the foundation of"legitimacy"of its existence and development in the environment of traditional culture.