企业协同创新风险对创新绩效的作用路径研究

基于已有研究，构建了“投入-过程-产出”的风险研究框架，总结出6类企业协同创新风险，即创新要素投入风险、道德风险、资源共享风险、组织协同风险、市场风险和利益分配风险。引入协同效应为中介变量、动态能力为调节变量，运用SEM模型和层次回归分析研究企业协同创新风险和创新绩效的关系。结果表明：①6类风险均对创新绩效具有显著负向影响，且不同风险对创新绩效的影响程度有所差别；②协同效应在创新要素投入风险、道德风险、资源共享风险、组织协同风险、利益分配风险与创新绩效之间具有显著中介作用，在市场风险与创新绩效之间不存在中介作用；③动态能力显著调节创新要素投入风险、道德风险、资源共享风险、组织协同风险、市场风险与创新绩效的关系，对利益分配风险与创新绩效的关系不存在调节作用。

A research on acting paths of cooperative innovation risk on innovation performance of firms

    With the continuous development of economic globalization, our country′s economy has become more and more deeply integrated into the world economic system. It is urgent for enterprises to seek more technological innovations resources and built core competitiveness to meet the fierce competition in the international market. In this context, the important role of collaborative innovation in the survival and sustainable development of enterprises has become more and more prominent. However, because of the complexity, multi-agent and dynamic characteristics of the collaborative innovation, there might be various risk factors arise in the process of collaborative innovation, which is going to directly or indirectly affect the effect of collaborative innovation and eventually in turn affects enterprises innovation performance and the exerting of competitive advantage.     On the basis of existing research, from the perspective of the entire chain of enterprise collaborative innovation, we build a three-stage, double-faced risk research framework of "input-process-output" which is based on the two levels of innovation resources and cooperative entities. Then, we identify the 6 types of enterprise collaborative innovation risks through the above risk research framework, which including the innovation factor input risk and moral hazard that are caused by the insufficient investment or information asymmetry between the partners at the initial stage of cooperation, resource sharing risks and organizational synergy risks arising from insufficient innovation resource sharing and unsmooth communication and collaboration among innovative entities at the process stage , and the market risk and benefit distribution risk caused by the mismatch between the product and the market in the final output stage and the interest disputes between subjects. At the same time, we further introduce synergy effect as an intermediary variable and dynamic capabilities as a moderating variable to deeply study the relationship between enterprise collaborative innovation risk and innovation performance. Through a questionnaire survey, we take 226 high-tech listed companies as the research object, and use SEM model and hierarchical regression analysis to conduct empirical research.     The results of the study are as follows: (1) The six types of collaborative innovation risks all have a significant negative impact on innovation performance, and different risks have different degrees of impact on innovation performance. Organizational collaborative risk has shown the most obvious negative effect, followed by benefit distribution risks, and moral hazard is the smallest. (2) Synergy effect has a significant intermediary effect between innovation factor input risk, moral hazard, resource sharing risk, organizational synergy risk, benefit distribution risk and innovation performance, but there is no obviously intermediary effect between market risk and innovation performance; (3) Dynamic capabilities significantly regulate the relationship between innovation factor input risk, moral hazard, resource sharing risk, organizational synergy risk, market risk and innovation performance, but there is no regulatory effect on the relationship between benefit distribution risk and innovation performance.     In response to the above-mentioned research results, from the aspects of enhancing the awareness of risk prevention and control and promoting dynamic capability formation, we put forward suggestions to provide theoretical support and practical experience for the collaborative innovation management of enterprises.