改革开放以来我国促进社会发展的科技政策回顾与展望

改革开放以来,政府科技工作的重心逐渐从单纯重视经济发展向经济社会发展并重转移。中国促进社会发展的科技政策已形成了由发展规划、技术政策、科技计划和重大工程项目、专项科技行动和实验区、示范工程等政策工具构成的政策体系,并确定了资源环境、人口健康、城镇化、防灾减灾与公共安全、缩小城乡差距、促进社会公平等若干重点政策干预领域。为保证科技进一步发挥促进社会发展的作用,建议政府应特别重视科技成果的公平分配问题,并着重防范科技与社会发展中可能出现的风险问题。

Chinese Science and Technology Policy Related to Social Development after the Reform and Opening Up

The impact of Science and Technology(S&T) development to social development has always been a concern of Chinese government. Since reform and opening up,the focus of government work of S&T development has been transforned from economic development to both economic and social development.Now a policy framework has been built up,which consists of S&T development guidelines,technological policies versions,government S&T programs and major projects,special S&T initiatives,experimental zones,demonstrative projects and pilot projects.The main fields for policy intervention includes resources and environment,population and health,urbanization and urban development,disaster prevention and reduction and public security,building of a new countryside and eradication of social inequality.The paper also suggests that the government should try to ensure that the public can fairly share the benefit of S&T development,and pay specific attention to the social risks related to S&T development.