国家创新型城市试点政策的绿色创新效应研究：来自281个地级市的准实验证据

作为一项重要的制度创新成果,创新型城市试点政策能够通过优化城市产业结构、促进政府和企业投资、推动金融发展以及吸引优秀人才集聚提升城市绿色创新水平,并带动所在城市绿色发明专利和绿色实用新型专利增加。同时,试点政策对替代能源和节能发明专利的正向促进效应最大,对于对外开放水平较高城市、第二产业集聚度较低城市以及环境规制强度较大城市的绿色创新激励作用更显著。从空间维度来看,试点政策和绿色创新均具有空间溢出效应,但试点政策的溢出效应随距离增大呈现衰退趋势。为进一步激励以绿色低碳为导向的城市创新实践,应从加快试点经验的总结与推广、因地制宜地采取差异化策略、重视产出端的绿色创新激励、加强区域绿色创新合作等方面入手,更好实现城市"创新"与"绿色"的有效协调和深度融合。

Green Innovation Effects of the National Innovative City Pilot Policy: Quasi-experimental Evidence from 281 Prefecture-level Cities

As an important achievement of institutional innovation,the policy of innovative pilot cities can promote urban green innovation by optimizing the industrial structure,encouraging government and corporate investment,accelerating financial development,and attracting outstanding talents.It can increase the city s green invention patents and green utility model patents,and it has the greatest positive effect on alternative energy and energy conservation patents in the IPC Green Inventory.We also find that the pilot city policy has more obvious incentives for green innovation in cities with higher degree of opening up,lower degree of industrial agglomeration and greater level of environmental regulation.From the perspective of spatial dimension,both the pilot city policy and green innovation have a significant effect of spatial spillover.The spillover effect of the pilot city policy shows a declining trend with increasing distance.In order to further encourage urban innovation practices with the objective of green and low carbon,we should start with accelerating the summary and promotion of pilot experience,adopting differentiated strategies based on local conditions,emphasizing green innovation incentives on the output side,and strengthening regional green innovation cooperation,so as to better realize the effective coordination and deep integration of urban“innovation”and“green”.