印度软件产业发展的经济学分析

印度作为低收入的发展中大国,从理论上讲应该立足于国内市场,发展劳动密集型产业。然而印度却在近年内迅速走到了世界计算机软件产业的前列。从产业特点来看,飞速发展的印度软件业是出口导向的产业,也是人力资本密集的产业。这表明印度既抓住了国际市场上发达国家软件及服务需求不断扩大的机遇,又充分利用人口大国丰富而低廉的人力资源优势,因而能在发达国家主导的知识密集型产业领域占据有利地位。这为发展中国家如何在知识经济时代利用本国的比较优势促进经济发展提供了有益的启示。

An Economic Analysis of Software Industry in India

As a large developing country of low-income, Indian economy should be based on her large domestic market and focus on labor-intensive industry in terms of economic theory. However India has stepped rapidly into the top rank of computer's software industry of the world during recent years. The Indian software industry developed at great speed is characterized by an export-led and human capital intensive industry. It indicates that India has taken the opportunity of expanding demand for software and related service in developed countries and utilized fully the advantage of abundant and cheap manpower resources of India with great population. That is why India can occupy favorable position in the field of knowledge -intensive industry dominated by developed countries. The case provided with enlightenment for developing countries to make use of their comparative advantages for economic development in the era of knowledge-based economy.