联绵词形符的类聚表意功能

绝大多数的联绵词采用的是形声字。和所有独立成义的形声字一样，它也能通过字的形符起表意作用。形符是它的意义标记，产生并且标示一定的词的意义信息。不同的只是，连绵词是以类聚表意的方式方法，通过外在形符的联合隐托与强调内在的意义，通过同形符字的组合反映一个完整内涵。因此，联绵词不但“义存于声”，“因声知义”，也义存于形，因形显义。传统训诂学以形推义的办法，同样适用于联绵词。

THE IDEOGRAPHIC FUNCTION OF THE PICTOGRAPHIC ELEMENTS IN CHINESE COMPOUNDS

In general, the Chinese compound word is a kind of bi-syllabic and mono-morphemic word. The two constituents merely record syllables and do not express meaning. But when we look into the structural formation of the constituent characters, we will find a simple and interesting fact that most compound words in Chinese express their meanings via their pictographic elements, just as all the independent pictophonetic characters do. Pictographic elements serve as a mark of meaning, providing us with certain semantic information of the words. This shows that the meaning of a compound word consists not only in its phonetic elements, but also in its pictographic elements. So the traditional exegetics is also applicable to compound words in Chinese.