浅议履行和解

裁判文书确定的权利义务,当事人有权进行处分,同时还可以对诉讼权利义务进行处分。履行和解一般情况下不具有独立性与可诉性,因其表现形式不同而性质认定及效力上有差别:对于没有约定诉讼权利义务的履行和解,只有实际履行才能产生对抗执行与消灭实际权利义务的法律效力;对于约定诉讼权利义务的履行和解,其从本质上属诉讼契约。对于此类履行和解,若一方违反程序性约定,启动或放弃某项诉讼程序,应首先审查双方关于实体部分之合意是否切实履行。若已履行,应认定该行为不合法而否决其效力;若并未合理履行,则该违反程序约定之行为并非无效。

On Performance Reconciliation

The parties could make disposition to the right and obligation by legal documents with freedom,so as to the right and obligation of lawsuit.In general case,performance of reconciliation isn’t independent or litigable,whose nature and effect are different due to different manifestation.With regards to performance of reconciliation without appointment on the right and obligation of lawsuit,only when the convention is actually performed will it produce the effect of opposing to execution and eliminating right and obligation.The performance of reconciliation with appointment is litigation contract in essence.If one party is in breach of procedural agreement,initiating or giving up a procedure,the court shall firstly review whether the convention of substantial part has been earnestly performed.If fulfilled,the judicial act shall not be valid and effective,or else it does not act invalid.