论不作为犯罪义务来源范围的认定

不作为犯罪的作为义务是不作为犯罪理论的核心问题,我国刑法对不作为犯罪及其义务来源没有明确界定,深入研究不作为犯罪的义务来源对我国司法理论与实践有重大意义。不作为犯罪的义务来源在刑法理论上经历了从形式的作为义务理论,到实质的作为义务理论,再到形式与实质相统一的作为义务理论等三个演变历程。探讨不作为犯罪的作为义务来源应该把形式的作为义务和实质的作为义务综合起来。不作为犯罪的实质的义务来源应从紧迫危险性、现实依赖性、排他支配性三方面来认定。

Provisions for Act Obligation of Non-action Crime

The act obligation of the non-action crime is the core of the theory of non-action crime.Due to the lack of definite provisions for the non-action crime and the act obligation of it in Chinese criminal law,there exists a considerable confusion on conception and judicial qualitative not only in theoretical field but also in judicial practice.It is good for judicature to study the act duty deeply.On the obligation origins of the non-action crime,there exists a theoretic evolution process which has developed from formal theory to substantial theory,and then to combination of the above two.I think that we should combine the formal theory and the substantial theory to study the act obligation of the non-action crime.The formal obligations of the non-action crime contain the regulation of law,the requirement of occupation or duty,the action of antecedence and the legal action.The substantial act obligation of the non-action crime should be considered from urgent danger,practical dependence and exclusive government.