Electronic Scientific Information in Estonia: Cooperation and State Financing of Academic Libraries

The widespread use of information and communication technology, the ease and speed of information delivery, and the increasing availability and limitless diffusion of information have given reason to talk about the integration of the library into the information society. The Internet era has created entirely new possibilities for publishing scientific information and creating access to it. Libraries are essential institutions of the public sector in creating online content as well as in offering information services. While the working equipment has changed in the electronic environment, the content of the work—buying and mediating information—remains the same. Universities need libraries that have long-term experience in systematizing and mediating information. Easy, unconstrained, and widespread accessibility are key issues in achieving a knowledge-based society.     

泛在知识环境中科技期刊的发展方向

作为未来知识型社会的一种全面的数字化信息基础设施,泛在知识环境对于我们未来的学术交流模式以及作为学术交流重要环节的科技期刊出版将产生深远的影响。首先讨论泛在知识环境中信息环境、科技出版模式和用户信息需求方式等学术交流模式所发生的变化。在此基础上,分析泛在知识环境对科技期刊出版的核心竞争力和业务生长点等多方面所带来的挑战。针对这些挑战,指出我国未来科技期刊出版的发展方向:实现全方位的数字化出版流程;与用户共同建设一个网络知识社区;提供基于全文的知识服务;积极参与知识创新链的管理。     

Politics and publishing in a democratic society: Technical breakthroughs and research agendas

Publishing flourishes best in a democratic society. Technological changes alter the relationship of forces so that opportunities for publishing expand. A broader range of information channels, for example, increases choice and makes authoritarian rule more difficult. Publishing also enhances democracy when decisions are made on the basis of merit rather than top-down legislation. Research should reflect awareness of the interaction of publishing and politics. Such areas as the relationship between public and private sectors, the impact of internationalization, non-U.S. ownership of information, mergers and acquisitions, and conflict between the First Amendment and copyright law, are examples of areas in which democratic outcomes are critical. Decision making in publishing would benefit from heightened awareness of the political consequences of publishers’ activities. Irving Louis Horowithz is the author ofCommunicating Ideas: The Politics of Publishing Mary E. Curtis has written widely on subjects of concern to professional publishing.     

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从文献情报学的对象和任务出发 ,分析文献情报学在知识经济中的地位和使命 ,探讨在知识经济条件下我国文献情报学研究的一些重要课题。     

论服务科学视野下的图书馆数字资源建设

21世纪是以知识为基础的信息社会,服务是知识经济的灵魂,从服务科学角度探讨图书馆数字资源建设有着重要现实意义。本文对服务科学进行了初步讲解,并从服务科学角度探讨了网络环境下图书馆数字资源建设的相关问题。     

知识管理、核心竞争力与竞争优势三者关系研究

无论是以资源基础论的观点还是以知识基础论的观点来看,知识都被看作是使组织获得可持续竞争优势的战略资产。知识管理可以通过对知识营运的管理使企业获得竞争优势,并提高企业核心竞争力。核心竞争力是企业竞争优势之源,可以构建、提高、维持与巩固企业竞争优势,并引导企业知识管理的实施。     

论知识经济与高校图书馆

知识经济是以知识为基础的经济，高校图书馆是知识采集、保存、开发、传递的重要场所。知识经济与高校图书馆有着内在本质联系。本文探讨了知识经济时代有到来给高校图书馆带来的历史机遇与严峻挑战，提出了高校图书馆应作出的战略选择。     

The clouded crystal ball and the library profession.

Growing awareness of the transition from an industrial age to a communication- and knowledge-based economy appears reflected in some changing directions in libraries. Major trends include (1) a change in management practices, (2) a realignment of operational goals away from technical processing activities to client-oriented outreach services, and (3) the identification of educational functions as a primary professional role. The twin concepts of knowledge utilization and information brokering are beginning to have an impact on the definition of the librarian's role.     

The Indonesian Digital Library Network is Born to Struggle with the Digital Divide

IndonesiaDLN — The Indonesian Digital Library Network — is a distributed collection of digital library networks, digital library servers, full local contents, metadata, and people, all engaged in developing Indonesia as a knowledge-based society. Besides the general issues of digital libraries such as publishing, quality control, authentication, networking, and information retrieval, Indonesia also faces other issues — namely, the digital divide — in designing and implementing the Indonesian DLN Network. This paper describes the basic design of the Network that enables it to handle the typical problems encountered in a developing country's digital library network, such as internet accessibility, bandwidth capacity, and network delays. Also described are the experiences in implementing the Network, which currently has 14 successfully connected partners and more than 15 partners in the process of developing their digital library servers.     

知识经济的四大研究视角

本文认为当前对知识经济的报道与探讨较为混乱,其原因在于将不同体系的知识经济理论混为一谈。知识经济理论体系的不同在于对它研究的视角不同。本文将分别从经济学、创新经济学、信息经济学和社会学的角度对知识经济予以深入的理论探讨。     

大学生知识管理研究

通过对知识、知识管理、大学生知识管理相关涵义的阐述,提出了实施大学生知识管理的必要性。从知识的获取、知识的分类与存储、知识的交流和共享、知识的更新与创新4个方面分析了大学生知识管理的过程。针对在知识管理过程中产生的问题,提出了相应的解决途径,即重视知识管理,挖掘、利用和共享隐性知识,提高知识的获取能力,促进知识创新和再利用,为知识经济社会培养创新型人才。     

知识型政府评价体系研究

建立知识型政府是知识经济时代和知识社会政府发展的必然趋势。知识型政府是不同于传统政府形态的一种新的政府组织形式，如何对这一新的政府形态进行有效评价并充分认识，引起了人们的普遍关注。本文主要从知识型政府的内涵、产生与发展、特征、评价标准、评价方法与评价体系等几个方面，对知识型政府的评价问题进行了初步研究。     

再议图书馆发展的十个热门话题

2002年,本文作者在《中国图书馆学报》上发表了《中国图书馆发展的十个热点问题》一文。十五年来,社会、经济和技术环境的巨大变化深刻影响着图书馆事业的发展。本文在综合考量环境变化和转型发展的基础上,尝试对影响图书馆发展的热门话题再做一次全面梳理,提出图书馆与社会发展、识字与素养、空间再造、人工智能、数字人文、开放运动、公共数字文化与精准扶贫、图书馆改革、第三代图书馆以及“一带一路”与图书馆国际化等十个新话题。参考文献48。     

高校图书馆信息服务社会化问题的研究

随着知识经济和信息时代的到来,信息的大量开发和快速传递已形成必然。高校图书馆拥有人才、技术、资源等方面的强大优势,必须采取多种形式竭力为社会服务。文章论述了高校图书馆服务社会化的必然性、意义和作用。     

服务科学研究与分析

21世纪是以知识为基础的信息社会,服务业成为人类社会的支柱产业,服务必然发为服务科学.因此,本文尝试着探讨了服务与服务科学的内在发展必然性,并分析了21世纪的新兴科学--服务科学的主要研究领域及研究热点,期望能为包括图书馆在内的各服务业进入知识型服务业提供参考.     

论高校图书馆服务社会化的必然性及实现途径

随着知识经济和信息时代的到来,信息的大量开发和快速传递已形成必然。高校图书馆拥有人才、技术、资源等方面的强大优势,必须采取多种形式竭力为社会服务。文章探讨了高校图书馆服务社会化的必然性、优势和实现途径。参考文献4。     

Knowledge bases in medicine: a review

Efforts to represent knowledge effectively have been central to progress in various aspects of medical informatics. These efforts range from relatively simple "electronic textbooks" to fairly sophisticated knowledge-based systems, which function as well as, or even better than, human experts faced with similar problems. Knowledge bases have been developed in many fields, but the relatively limited domains and structured language of medicine, as well as the importance of information in the provision of good medical care, have made research in medical knowledge representation an area of intense activity. This paper reviews representative knowledge bases and knowledge-based systems in medicine: electronic textbooks such as PDQ and the Hepatitis Knowledge Base (HKB), rule-based systems such as MYCIN, causal models (e.g., CASNET), and hypothesis- or frame-based systems, exemplified by PIP and INTERNIST-1. The paper describes the relationships among divergent approaches and provides a sense of current and future trends. It examines problems in knowledge-based systems, particularly in knowledge representation and acquisition, and the responses to these challenges. The latter include the use of domain-independent software shells for constructing knowledge bases, the adaptation and use of previously existing knowledge bases, and multiple uses of the same knowledge base for different purposes.     

面向大学生创新能力培养的高校图书馆开放课程资源建设(上):作用机理

开放课程是一种新颖的教育方式,它的受众可以遍布全球每个角落,不分国籍、种族和阶层。随着知识型社会的到来,创新能力对一个国家竞争力产生关键性的影响。开放课程在国外发展势头迅猛,并逐渐冲击国内教育模式。开放课程通过突破时间、地域、学科的限制,创造轻松的学习环境、扩大学生的视野,共享优质教师资源等途径作用于创新能力的培养。     

论编辑的人文精神和科学精神

不同的文化活动体现不同的文化精神,编辑作为一个社会群体,代表社会的利益,实现特定的社会要求和期望,从事的是一种文化积累、文明传承的精神活动,由此,定义了编辑的人文精神和科学精神,编辑活动的规律决定编辑必须高举科学精神和人文精神两面旗帜。     

E-government implementation: Business contract legal support for Taiwanese businessmen in Mainland China

Taiwan is close to Mainland China both geographically and in culture, although the long-time antipathy between the governments of Taiwan and China after the civil war ended caused isolation for almost four decades. In 1987, cross-strait communication was re-opened, and since then socioeconomical as well as political ties between the countries have been growing closer. However, along with more frequent cross-strait business activities, business contract problems faced by Taiwanese businessmen in China have been growing in number as well as severity. This paper explores problems that Taiwanese businessmen in China have with their business contracts and discusses how Taiwanese government offers on-line business contract legal support to Taiwanese businessmen as e-government implementation. By doing so, this paper proposes a knowledge-based decision support system integrated with the functions of case base, rule base, and relational database developing on a Web-based architecture. Prototype system implementation is presented, some managerial issues on this paper are discussed, and future works are suggested.