A mathematical characterization of the Hirsch-index by means of minimal increments

The minimum configuration to have a h-index equal to h is h papers each having h citations, hence h² citations in total. To increase the h-index to h + 1 we minimally need (h + 1)² citations, an increment of I₁(h) = 2h + 1. The latter number increases with 2 per unit increase of h. This increment of the second order is denoted I₂(h) = 2.If we define I₁ and I₂ for a general Hirsch configuration (say n papers each having f(n) citations) we calculate I₁(f) and I₂(f) similarly as for the h-index. We characterize all functions f for which I₂(f) = 2 and show that this can be obtained for functions f(n) different from the h-index. We show that f(n) = n (i.e. the h-index) if and only if I₂(f) = 2, f(1) = 1 and f(2) = 2.We give a similar characterization for the threshold index (where n papers have a constant number C of citations). Here we deal with second order increments I₂(f) = 0.     

A test of a model for predicting strategy choice

Fishbein and Ajzen's model for Reasoned Action was applied to the context of message‐strategy choice. It was felt that the cognitive process described by the model would be useful in predicting which message‐strategy a person would use in conflict. Three propositions were derived from the literature on strategy choice and the theory. First, it was proposed that the use of a particular message‐strategy could be predicted from a person's intentions. Second, it was proposed that attitudes about outcomes, and attitudes based in social norms would predict intentions. Third, it was proposed that after an opponent had not complied with a person on a previous influence attempt, the social norm component would, no longer contribute to the prediction of intentions. The first two propositions were supported. The third proposition, however, was not supported.     

Assessing R&D efficiency using a two-stage dynamic DEA model: A case study of research institutes in the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Various studies have been devoted to the evaluation of the research and development (R&D) performances of universities and research institutes. However, existing studies tend to focus on static systems, that is, systems with no intertemporal effect. To tackle this issue, this study attempts to assess relative R&D efficiency of institutes from a dynamic perspective. The unified two-stage model proposed by Kao (2017) made a contribution to combining division efficiencies in the multiplier form with frontier projections in the envelopment form in a unified framework. We develop his model in a dynamic framework into which the effects of carry-over activities are embedded across the period. If the dynamic effects in the efficiency measures are not considered, the results will be biased. This is one of the few studies to examine dynamic effects within the framework of the R&D process. Our analysis is based on samples of 17 research institutes in the Chinese Academy of Sciences over the period of 2012–2015. When compared with the proposed data envelope analysis (DEA) model, results show that the static DEA model may underestimate the R&D efficiency scores. The institutes experienced significant improvements in system efficiency, mainly due to the improvements in transfer efficiency. However, there is still much room for improvement in transferring scientific and technological (S&T) achievements. We also find that the resource scale played an important role in influencing basic research. Finally, the projections of inefficient institutes indicate that most institutes had insufficient carry-over inputs (newly approved projects and management cost) based on the average four-year values, and existing slack resources for managers to improve the future performance.     

A comparison of Scopus and WoS database subject classifiers in mathematical disciplines

This paper presents a method for comparing the subject headings of Scopus and WoS classifiers that has been tested based on examples in the field of mathematical disciplines. Semantic relationships of subject headings are explored by using intelligent analysis of keyword and expression clustering. The results are presented in the form of a correspondence table for the subject headings of the classifiers.     

A model of empathic communication

This study examines a path model of empathic communication. Several empathie structures are predicted to influence the process of empathie communication. Results show that humanistic orientation predicted perspective‐taking, which predicted communicative responsiveness, which predicted comforting. Empathie concern and emotional responsiveness were eliminated from the model The parameter estimates and predicted correlations among the remaining variables were all statistically significant (p < .05). In addition, self‐rated comforting and independent ratings correlated at only .51, with the former exhibiting higher correlations with other variable.     

知识生态系统模型比较研究

总结了哲学、乔治.珀尔、种群生态学、生态学组分等意义上的知识生态系统模型。分析了各类模型在支撑基础、知识环境、网络循环方面的共性,探讨了它们在研究维度、学科归属、学术思想上的差异。     

情报语言漫笔(D)

张琪玉先进《情报语言漫笔》系列之四，收录索引学专题研究文章4篇。     

A model to explain information seeking behaviour by individuals in the response phase of a disaster

This Australian study establishes a model that provides a foundation for communication channels and tools selection by agencies in the post-warning response phase of a disaster. The model, developed from disaster and information seeking literature, attempts to predict information source and channel selection by people after their community has received a warning for a disaster. It provides the coding framework for analysis of 51 semi-structured interviews with disaster-affected Australians. The interviews tested the model for accommodation of channels and sources that people chose, found most useful, and used most in bushfire, slow flood, flash flood, and cyclone situations. The order of initial sources was investigated and preliminary information seeking pathways established across disaster types. The disaster information seeking model supports this investigation of information seeking behaviour, though improvements are suggested. The resulting model could guide agency response communication for different disaster types.     

A probability model of accuracy in deception detection experiments

This essay extends the recent work of Levine, Park, and McCornack (1999) on the veracity effect in deception detection. The probabilistic nature of a receiver's accuracy in detecting deception is explained, and a receiver's detection of deception is analyzed in terms of set theory and conditional probability. Detection accuracy is defined as intersections of sets, and formulas are presented for truth accuracy, lie accuracy, and total accuracy in deception detection experiments. In each case, accuracy is shown to be a function of the relevant conditional probability and the truth-lie base rate. These formulas are applied to the Levine et al. results, and the implications for deception research are discussed.     

UPCC: A model of plagiarism-free inquiry project-based learning

Plagiarism is a common problem among students, and if unaddressed, it may lead to severe consequences for students' academic integrity and education, and even for their career advancement. It is therefore essential to incorporate comprehensive anti-plagiarism intervention at an early stage of education. This study introduces UPCC (Understanding, Paraphrasing, Citations, and Checks), a pedagogical model of plagiarism-free project-based learning (PjBL), to provide a basis for plagiarism prevention for secondary school students aged 11–13. The UPCC model incorporates (U)nderstanding plagiarism, learning about (P)araphrasing and related skills, generating proper (C)itations with an online citation tool and conducting originality (C)hecks with an online tool. Evaluation of the model shows that this pedagogy effectively enables students to avoid plagiarism in behavioural, cognitive and affective aspects. The positive and negative factors affecting plagiarism are also outlined. This study may provide practical guidance for secondary teachers to implement the UPCC model in their teaching of avoiding plagiarism; it may also contribute to future research committed to students' changes in behaviour, cognition and emotion.     

Testing a model of value argument and evidence

The purpose of this paper is to develop a model of negotiation rule use that incorporates both content and relational dimensions of communication and focuses upon interaction as the dependent variable. Fourteen negotiation rules are hypothesized to structure the negotiation interaction. From these rules fourteen interaction analysis categories are developed—with seven assessing how negotiators respond to one another and seven assessing how negotiators cue or constrain the opponent's next utterance. Interactions in mock negotiations are coded using this category scheme and placed into cue‐response transition matrices. The differences in interaction patterns among winners and losers are used to assess the extent to which the rules structure the negotiation interaction.     

基因组学领域的学术机构科研活动分析

通过应用共现矩阵描述共现现象,利用基于共现矩阵的可视化技术定性的研究了学术机构科研活动,从而拓展了共现现象的研究内容。基于机构合作矩阵和机构-关键词矩阵的聚类树形图和多维尺度分析图可以用于分析机构的合作模式。机构-研究主题交叉图则可以用来考察机构在研究主题的参与情况。通过对可视化技术的深入研究,遴选了基因组学领域中发表论文数量较多的优势机构,分析了基因组学领域主流研究内容的轮廓与发展,并获得了这些机构所关注的研究主题和取得的科研成果。     

A model of social interaction: Tests in three situations

This research tests a model resulting from a perspective of social interaction, one that defines its domain and which specifies interrelationships between elements within that domain. The model is intended to specify the elemental structure of ongoing, stable interactions and is couched at a rather high level of abstraction so that it can be applied to a large range of situations.     

A conceptual model for the development of broadband and e-government

The paper discusses the interconnection of the adoption and diffusion of broadband (‘BB’), e-government (‘EG’) and e-commerce (‘EC’) services. It provides a structured literature review and proposes a conceptual framework for studying the interconnection of the development and adoption of BB, EG and EC. The interconnections of various concepts are shown along with several hypotheses that are thoroughly theoretically grounded. The role of different technology acceptance models is discussed, while the importance of including various aspects in policy preparation analyses is emphasized.     

A question documentation model on the needs of comparative research

A questionnaire, as a basic tool of organization of scientific observation, consists of two schemas: a data schema that corresponds to the specifications and the conceptual determinations of scientific vocabulary and a communicative schema that organizes the communication between the scientists and respondents depending on the particular characteristics of the asked population. The objective of this paper is the design of a documentation model for the questions of a questionnaire that would allow the detection of similar questions throughout a database. Such a model can successfully manage the documentation problems of comparative longitudinal research, whereas the questions of a questionnaire are repeated and changed slightly or go unchanged through the waves. It can also help researchers that are concerned with secondary analysis, for the detection of similar questions of similar or even different studies.     

图书馆信息资源共享模式新论

文章简述现有图书馆信息资源共享模式的发展历史、发展原因和发展特点。从信息资源共享的概念入手,认为共建共享仅仅是图书馆信息资源共享的一个方面,对基于信息资源产业链的信息资源共享进行了较深入地探讨;认为图书馆信息资源共享研究和实践的新模式应该是把共建共享和基于信息产业链共享这两方面的纵横结合。